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System: This system uses data from satellites to pinpoint a location on earth and help people find their way to a destination. Remote sensing: refers to the process of taking pictures of the Earth's surface from satellites (or, earlier, airplanes) to provide a greater understanding of the Earth's geography over large distances. ● Spatial information can come from written accounts in the form of field observations, media reports, travel narratives, policy documents, personal interviews, landscape analysis, and photographic interpretation. 3. The Power of Geographic Data Learning Target: Explain the geographical effects of decisions made using geographical information. Geospatial Data: all information including physical features and human activities Census data: an official count of individuals in a population (in the USA, it happens every 10 years) 4. Spatial Concepts Learning Target: Define major geographic concepts that illustrate spatial relationships. Absolute location: The precise spot where something is located Relative Location: where something is in relation to other things Space: the extent of an area and can be in a relative and absolute sense Place: refers to the specific human and physical characteristics of a location. Distance Decay: a geographical term that describes the effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions Time-Space Compression: the increasing sense of connectivity that seems to be bringing people closer together even though their distances are the same Pattern: The geometric or regular arrangement of something in an area 5. Human-Environmental Interaction Learning Target: Explain how major geographic concepts illustrate spatial relationships. Sustainability: the goal of the human race reaching equilibrium with the environment; meeting the needs of the present while also leaving resources for future generations Natural Resources: a physical material constituting part of Earth that people need and value Environmental Determinism: How the physical environment caused (determined) social development Possibilism: the physical environment may limit some human actions, but people can adjust to their environment 6. Scales of Analysis Learning Target: Define scales of analysis used by geographers and explain what scales of analysis reveal Scale: the relationship between the distance on the ground and the corresponding distance on a specific map - also a concept describing how "zoomed in" you are while studying a geographic trait (Global (Globalization), Regional, National, State, and Local) Scale of Analysis: how zoomed in or out you are when looking at geographic data LARGE SCALE ENAGESTR a CKWOOD MN Stanthorpe Ashlord grell Gie WY Warwick BOY LINDED SMALL SCALE 7. Regional Analysis Learning Target: Describe different ways that geographers define regions. Region: a place larger than a point and smaller than a planet that is grouped because of a measurable or perceived common feature Formal Region: a region that is based on quantitative data (that can be documented or measured) - all government areas are this because they share a government (Example: Wisconsin) Functional Region: a region based around a node or focal point - terrestrial radio broadcasts are an example of this (example: Radio station broadcast area, DC metro) Vernacular (Perceptual) Region: an area that shares a common qualitative characteristic, it's only a region because people believe it's a region (example: midwest)