Perfekt je najčastejší minulý čas v hovorenej nemčine - používaš... Show more
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Updated Mar 23, 2026
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Ako tvoriť minulý čas Perfekt so slovesami 'haben' a 'sein'
1 / 7
Perfekt - základy a kľúčové pojmy
Keď chceš v nemčine povedať "urobil som" alebo "išiel som", potrebuješ Perfekt. Tvorí sa jednoducho: pomocné sloveso + Partizip II.
Pomocné sloveso môže byť buď haben alebo sein - ale pozor, nie je to na výber! Každé sloveso má svoje pravidlo. Pomocné sloveso sa časuje podľa osoby a stojí na druhom mieste vo vete.
Partizip II je hlavné sloveso, ktoré opisuje, čo sa vlastne stalo. Vždy stojí na konci vety a nikdy sa nemení - je rovnaké pre všetky osoby.
💡 Tip: Partizip II sa nikdy nemení! Mení sa len pomocné sloveso podľa toho, kto robí činnosť.
Pomocné sloveso haben
Väčšina slovies v nemčine používa haben - takže keď si neistý, skús haben a pravdepodobne budeš mať pravdu!
Haben používaš pre prechodné slovesá - tie, ktoré potrebujú predmet. Napríklad: essen (jesť niečo), trinken (piť niečo), lesen (čítať niečo). Tiež pre zvratné slovesá so sich.
Časovanie haben si už určite pamätaš: ich habe, du hast, er/sie/es hat, wir haben, ihr habt, sie/Sie haben.
Príklady: Ich habe einen Apfel gegessen. (Zjedol som jablko.) Er hat sich gewaschen. (Umyl sa.)
💡 Pamätaj si: Ak sloveso potrebuje predmet , takmer určite ide s haben!
Pomocné sloveso sein
Sein používaš pre menšiu, ale dôležitú skupinu slovies. Hlavne pre slovesá pohybu a zmeny stavu.
Slovesá pohybu: gehen, fahren, kommen, laufen, schwimmen - všetko, kde sa niekto presúva z jedného miesta na druhé. Slovesá zmeny stavu: werden, einschlafen, aufwachen - keď sa niečo zmení.
Špeciálne slovesá: sein, bleiben a werden vždy idú so sein, bez výnimky.
Príklady: Ich bin nach Hause gegangen. (Išiel som domov.) Sie ist müde geworden. (Unavila sa.)
💡 Jednoduchý trik: Pohyb alebo zmena = sein. Všetko ostatné = haben!
Tvorba Partizip II - pravidelné a nepravidelné slovesá
Pravidelné slovesá sú najjednoduchšie: ge- + kmeň + -t. Napríklad: machen → gemacht, spielen → gespielt, kaufen → gekauft.
Nepravidelné slovesá si musíš zapamätať - menia kmeňovú samohlásku a končia na -en. Vzorec: ge- + zmenený kmeň + -en. Napríklad: gehen → gegangen, essen → gegessen, trinken → getrunken.
Slovesá s neoddeliteľnými predponami nemajú ge-: besuchen → besucht, verstehen → verstanden.
Slovesá na -ieren tiež nemajú ge-: studieren → studiert, telefonieren → telefoniert.
💡 Učenie: Nepravidelné slovesá sa oplatí učiť po malých skupinách - napríklad všetky slovesá jedenia naraz!
Praktické príklady a použitie
Pozrime si konkrétne vety, aby sis to lepšie zapamätal. "Včera som čítal knihu" = Ich habe gestern ein Buch gelesen. (lesen potrebuje predmet → haben)
"Išli sme do kina" = Wir sind ins Kino gegangen. (gehen je pohyb → sein)
"Ona sa stala učiteľkou" = Sie ist Lehrerin geworden. (werden je zmena stavu → sein)
Pri otázkach sa pomocné sloveso presunie na začiatok: Hast du gegessen? Pri zápore nicht stojí pred Partizip II: Ich habe das Buch nicht gelesen.
💡 Pre testy: Zapamätaj si slovesá so sein - je ich menej, takže sa ľahšie učia!
Rýchly súhrn a tipy na zapamätanie
Vzorec Perfektu: pomocné sloveso (2. miesto) + Partizip II (koniec vety)
Haben používaj pre: väčšinu slovies, prechodné slovesá, zvratné slovesá Sein používaj pre: pohyb, zmenu stavu, slovesá sein/bleiben/werden
Partizip II tvorba:
- Pravidelné: ge- + kmeň + -t
- Nepravidelné: ge- + zmenený kmeň + -en
- Bez ge-: slovesá s be-/ver-/ent- a slovesá na -ieren
Keď si neistý, spomeň si na základné pravidlo: pohyb alebo zmena = sein, všetko ostatné = haben.
💡 Pre skúšky: Perfekt je najdôležitejší minulý čas v nemčine - ovládaj ho dobre a budeš mať výhodu!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in Nemčina
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Ako tvoriť minulý čas Perfekt so slovesami 'haben' a 'sein'
Perfekt je najčastejší minulý čas v hovorenej nemčine - používaš ho, keď hovoríš o veciach, ktoré sa už stali. Na rozdiel od slovenčiny potrebuješ v nemčine vždy dve slovesá: pomocné (haben alebo sein) a hlavné sloveso v tvare Partizip II.
Perfekt - základy a kľúčové pojmy
Keď chceš v nemčine povedať "urobil som" alebo "išiel som", potrebuješ Perfekt. Tvorí sa jednoducho: pomocné sloveso + Partizip II.
Pomocné sloveso môže byť buď haben alebo sein - ale pozor, nie je to na výber! Každé sloveso má svoje pravidlo. Pomocné sloveso sa časuje podľa osoby a stojí na druhom mieste vo vete.
Partizip II je hlavné sloveso, ktoré opisuje, čo sa vlastne stalo. Vždy stojí na konci vety a nikdy sa nemení - je rovnaké pre všetky osoby.
💡 Tip: Partizip II sa nikdy nemení! Mení sa len pomocné sloveso podľa toho, kto robí činnosť.
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Pomocné sloveso haben
Väčšina slovies v nemčine používa haben - takže keď si neistý, skús haben a pravdepodobne budeš mať pravdu!
Haben používaš pre prechodné slovesá - tie, ktoré potrebujú predmet. Napríklad: essen (jesť niečo), trinken (piť niečo), lesen (čítať niečo). Tiež pre zvratné slovesá so sich.
Časovanie haben si už určite pamätaš: ich habe, du hast, er/sie/es hat, wir haben, ihr habt, sie/Sie haben.
Príklady: Ich habe einen Apfel gegessen. (Zjedol som jablko.) Er hat sich gewaschen. (Umyl sa.)
💡 Pamätaj si: Ak sloveso potrebuje predmet , takmer určite ide s haben!
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Pomocné sloveso sein
Sein používaš pre menšiu, ale dôležitú skupinu slovies. Hlavne pre slovesá pohybu a zmeny stavu.
Slovesá pohybu: gehen, fahren, kommen, laufen, schwimmen - všetko, kde sa niekto presúva z jedného miesta na druhé. Slovesá zmeny stavu: werden, einschlafen, aufwachen - keď sa niečo zmení.
Špeciálne slovesá: sein, bleiben a werden vždy idú so sein, bez výnimky.
Príklady: Ich bin nach Hause gegangen. (Išiel som domov.) Sie ist müde geworden. (Unavila sa.)
💡 Jednoduchý trik: Pohyb alebo zmena = sein. Všetko ostatné = haben!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Tvorba Partizip II - pravidelné a nepravidelné slovesá
Pravidelné slovesá sú najjednoduchšie: ge- + kmeň + -t. Napríklad: machen → gemacht, spielen → gespielt, kaufen → gekauft.
Nepravidelné slovesá si musíš zapamätať - menia kmeňovú samohlásku a končia na -en. Vzorec: ge- + zmenený kmeň + -en. Napríklad: gehen → gegangen, essen → gegessen, trinken → getrunken.
Slovesá s neoddeliteľnými predponami nemajú ge-: besuchen → besucht, verstehen → verstanden.
Slovesá na -ieren tiež nemajú ge-: studieren → studiert, telefonieren → telefoniert.
💡 Učenie: Nepravidelné slovesá sa oplatí učiť po malých skupinách - napríklad všetky slovesá jedenia naraz!
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Praktické príklady a použitie
Pozrime si konkrétne vety, aby sis to lepšie zapamätal. "Včera som čítal knihu" = Ich habe gestern ein Buch gelesen. (lesen potrebuje predmet → haben)
"Išli sme do kina" = Wir sind ins Kino gegangen. (gehen je pohyb → sein)
"Ona sa stala učiteľkou" = Sie ist Lehrerin geworden. (werden je zmena stavu → sein)
Pri otázkach sa pomocné sloveso presunie na začiatok: Hast du gegessen? Pri zápore nicht stojí pred Partizip II: Ich habe das Buch nicht gelesen.
💡 Pre testy: Zapamätaj si slovesá so sein - je ich menej, takže sa ľahšie učia!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Rýchly súhrn a tipy na zapamätanie
Vzorec Perfektu: pomocné sloveso (2. miesto) + Partizip II (koniec vety)
Haben používaj pre: väčšinu slovies, prechodné slovesá, zvratné slovesá Sein používaj pre: pohyb, zmenu stavu, slovesá sein/bleiben/werden
Partizip II tvorba:
- Pravidelné: ge- + kmeň + -t
- Nepravidelné: ge- + zmenený kmeň + -en
- Bez ge-: slovesá s be-/ver-/ent- a slovesá na -ieren
Keď si neistý, spomeň si na základné pravidlo: pohyb alebo zmena = sein, všetko ostatné = haben.
💡 Pre skúšky: Perfekt je najdôležitejší minulý čas v nemčine - ovládaj ho dobre a budeš mať výhodu!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user