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Fun with Cause and Effect: Exploring Psychology Examples!

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Vanny

4/18/2023

AP Psychology

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY (AP Psychology)

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AP Psychology

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Research Methods in Psychology

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Experimental Design and Variables

Fun with Cause and Effect: Exploring Psychology Examples!

Hey kids! Ever wondered how things happen? Dive into experimental psychology with cool cause and effect examples in everyday life. Learn about positive and negative correlations and discover the humorism theory and the four humors like Hippocrates did! Get answers with sentences and find out how balancing these humors was important back then. Let's explore psychology in a fun way!

4/18/2023

1436

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

View

Understanding Correlations in Psychology

Correlations describe how two variables relate to each other in psychological research. There are three main types of correlations:

  1. Positive correlation: Both variables move in the same direction, either increasing or decreasing together.

Example: The number of hours spent studying for an AP exam and the resulting exam score typically show a positive correlation.

  1. Negative correlation: As one variable increases, the other decreases.

Example: The number of hours spent watching reality TV shows like Bachelor in Paradise often has a negative correlation with the number of books read.

  1. No correlation: There is no relationship between the variables.

Example: There is typically no correlation between the amount of tea consumed and a person's intelligence level.

Highlight: Understanding correlations is crucial in experimental psychology cause and effect examples in everyday life, as it helps distinguish between related variables and actual causal relationships.

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

View

Historical Theories in Psychology: Humorism

Humorism, an early psychological theory, originated with Hippocrates and influenced medical and psychological thought for centuries. This theory proposed that four bodily fluids, or "humors," influenced health, temperament, and personality.

The four humors in humorism theory were:

  1. Black bile Melancholic,associatedwithEarthMelancholic, associated with Earth: Linked to a quiet, reserved personality
  2. Yellow bile Choleric,associatedwithFireCholeric, associated with Fire: Connected to an optimistic, cheerful disposition
  3. Blood Sanguine,associatedwithAirSanguine, associated with Air: Associated with courage and liveliness
  4. Phlegm Phlegmatic,associatedwithWaterPhlegmatic, associated with Water: Linked to reliability and thoughtfulness

Highlight: The humorism theory psychology four fluids were believed to fluctuate based on factors like diet, time of day, temperature, and gender.

Example: An excess or deficiency in any humor was thought to cause an imbalance, leading to health issues or personality changes.

While no longer considered scientifically valid, understanding humorism provides insight into the historical development of psychological theories.

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

View

Early Schools of Psychological Thought

The field of psychology has evolved through various schools of thought, each contributing to our understanding of the human mind and behavior.

Empiricism emphasizes that all knowledge comes from sensory experience. This approach advocates for research based on natural observations.

Structuralism, introduced by Edward Bradford Titchener, aimed to identify the basic elements of consciousness through introspection.

Definition: Introspection is the examination of one's own conscious thoughts and feelings.

Functionalism focused on how mental and behavioral processes enable adaptation and survival. This approach asked how consciousness helps us function in the world.

Example: Functionalists might explore the purpose of forgetting or getting distracted, viewing these processes through an evolutionary lens.

These early schools of thought laid the groundwork for modern psychological approaches and research methods.

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

View

Modern Psychological Approaches

Several influential approaches have shaped modern psychology:

Humanism, developed by Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers, emphasizes individual uniqueness and the innate drive towards growth and self-actualization.

Highlight: Humanistic psychology introduced concepts like the ideal self vs. real self and unconditional positive regard.

Behaviorism focuses on observable behavior and learning through experience. It emphasizes the role of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior.

Example: Experimental psychology cause and effect examples in behaviorism might include studying how different reward schedules affect learning rates.

The Psychodynamic Approach, originally developed by Sigmund Freud as psychoanalytic theory, remains influential despite controversy. It emphasizes unconscious processes and early life experiences in shaping personality and behavior.

These diverse approaches demonstrate the complexity of understanding human psychology and the ongoing evolution of the field.

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

View

Types of Psychological Research

Psychological research encompasses both experimental and non-experimental methods to study human behavior and mental processes.

Experimental psychology involves manipulating variables to determine cause-and-effect relationships. This is the only way to definitively prove causation. Experiments utilize independent variables whattheresearcherchangeswhat the researcher changes and dependent variables whatismeasuredasaresultwhat is measured as a result.

Example: A study on whether certain colors improve learning would manipulate the color of study materials independentvariableindependent variable and measure test scores dependentvariabledependent variable.

Non-experimental research includes correlational studies, surveys, case studies, and observations. While these methods can reveal relationships, they cannot prove causation due to potential confounding variables.

Highlight: It's crucial to remember that correlation does not equal causation in psychological research.

Vocabulary: The placebo effect refers to perceived improvements not attributable to an actual treatment, often seen in drug studies.

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

View

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

View

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

View

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

View

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Subjects

AP Psychology

Research Methods in Psychology

Experimental Design and Variables

 

AP Psychology

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1,436

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Apr 18, 2023

•

25 pages

Fun with Cause and Effect: Exploring Psychology Examples!

user profile picture

Vanny

@coffincat

Hey kids! Ever wondered how things happen? Dive into experimental psychology with cool cause and effect examples in everyday life. Learn about positive and negative correlations and discover the humorism theory and the four humors like Hippocrates did! Get answers with sentences and find out how balancing these humors was important back then. Let's explore psychology in a fun way!

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

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Join milions of students

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Understanding Correlations in Psychology

Correlations describe how two variables relate to each other in psychological research. There are three main types of correlations:

  1. Positive correlation: Both variables move in the same direction, either increasing or decreasing together.

Example: The number of hours spent studying for an AP exam and the resulting exam score typically show a positive correlation.

  1. Negative correlation: As one variable increases, the other decreases.

Example: The number of hours spent watching reality TV shows like Bachelor in Paradise often has a negative correlation with the number of books read.

  1. No correlation: There is no relationship between the variables.

Example: There is typically no correlation between the amount of tea consumed and a person's intelligence level.

Highlight: Understanding correlations is crucial in experimental psychology cause and effect examples in everyday life, as it helps distinguish between related variables and actual causal relationships.

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Historical Theories in Psychology: Humorism

Humorism, an early psychological theory, originated with Hippocrates and influenced medical and psychological thought for centuries. This theory proposed that four bodily fluids, or "humors," influenced health, temperament, and personality.

The four humors in humorism theory were:

  1. Black bile Melancholic,associatedwithEarthMelancholic, associated with Earth: Linked to a quiet, reserved personality
  2. Yellow bile Choleric,associatedwithFireCholeric, associated with Fire: Connected to an optimistic, cheerful disposition
  3. Blood Sanguine,associatedwithAirSanguine, associated with Air: Associated with courage and liveliness
  4. Phlegm Phlegmatic,associatedwithWaterPhlegmatic, associated with Water: Linked to reliability and thoughtfulness

Highlight: The humorism theory psychology four fluids were believed to fluctuate based on factors like diet, time of day, temperature, and gender.

Example: An excess or deficiency in any humor was thought to cause an imbalance, leading to health issues or personality changes.

While no longer considered scientifically valid, understanding humorism provides insight into the historical development of psychological theories.

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Early Schools of Psychological Thought

The field of psychology has evolved through various schools of thought, each contributing to our understanding of the human mind and behavior.

Empiricism emphasizes that all knowledge comes from sensory experience. This approach advocates for research based on natural observations.

Structuralism, introduced by Edward Bradford Titchener, aimed to identify the basic elements of consciousness through introspection.

Definition: Introspection is the examination of one's own conscious thoughts and feelings.

Functionalism focused on how mental and behavioral processes enable adaptation and survival. This approach asked how consciousness helps us function in the world.

Example: Functionalists might explore the purpose of forgetting or getting distracted, viewing these processes through an evolutionary lens.

These early schools of thought laid the groundwork for modern psychological approaches and research methods.

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Modern Psychological Approaches

Several influential approaches have shaped modern psychology:

Humanism, developed by Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers, emphasizes individual uniqueness and the innate drive towards growth and self-actualization.

Highlight: Humanistic psychology introduced concepts like the ideal self vs. real self and unconditional positive regard.

Behaviorism focuses on observable behavior and learning through experience. It emphasizes the role of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior.

Example: Experimental psychology cause and effect examples in behaviorism might include studying how different reward schedules affect learning rates.

The Psychodynamic Approach, originally developed by Sigmund Freud as psychoanalytic theory, remains influential despite controversy. It emphasizes unconscious processes and early life experiences in shaping personality and behavior.

These diverse approaches demonstrate the complexity of understanding human psychology and the ongoing evolution of the field.

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Types of Psychological Research

Psychological research encompasses both experimental and non-experimental methods to study human behavior and mental processes.

Experimental psychology involves manipulating variables to determine cause-and-effect relationships. This is the only way to definitively prove causation. Experiments utilize independent variables whattheresearcherchangeswhat the researcher changes and dependent variables whatismeasuredasaresultwhat is measured as a result.

Example: A study on whether certain colors improve learning would manipulate the color of study materials independentvariableindependent variable and measure test scores dependentvariabledependent variable.

Non-experimental research includes correlational studies, surveys, case studies, and observations. While these methods can reveal relationships, they cannot prove causation due to potential confounding variables.

Highlight: It's crucial to remember that correlation does not equal causation in psychological research.

Vocabulary: The placebo effect refers to perceived improvements not attributable to an actual treatment, often seen in drug studies.

UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

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UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

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UNIT 1: PSYCH TERMINOLOGY Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Types of Psych Research: Experimental: Experime

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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️

Thomas R

iOS user

Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades

Brad T

Android user

Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend

Aubrey

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Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀

Marco B

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!

Paul T

iOS user