Subjects
Biology
Chemistry
AP Chemistry
English
AP English Literature
Science (ACT®)
Dec 9, 2025
33
3 pages
Ann Villamor @annevillamor_sun
Hepatitis is a group of diseases affecting the liver, caused by several viruses from different viral families. Each... Show more
Hepatitis comes in several different viral forms, each with its own characteristics. Hepatitis A is a small RNA virus spread through contaminated food or water. Hepatitis B belongs to the DNA-based hepadnavirus family and is transmitted through blood and body fluids. Hepatitis C, another RNA virus, spreads primarily through blood contact.
The less common forms include Hepatitis D, which is unique as it resembles a plant viroid rather than a typical virus and requires Hepatitis B to replicate. Hepatitis E is similar to caliciviruses and spreads through the digestive tract, while Hepatitis G is a flavivirus whose role in liver disease remains unclear.
These viruses differ significantly in their transmission methods, incubation periods, and tendency to cause chronic disease. Hepatitis B and C frequently become chronic (10% and >50% chance respectively), while Hepatitis A and E typically don't progress to chronic infections. Unfortunately, none of these viruses have definitive cures, and treatments generally focus on managing symptoms.
Did you know? Hepatitis infections typically progress through four distinct phases - from silent viral replication to symptoms that can initially be mistaken for common illnesses like the flu or food poisoning.
When you get hepatitis, your body typically goes through four phases. During Phase 1 (viral replication), you might not feel sick at all, even though the virus is multiplying in your body. In Phase 2 (prodromal phase), you'll start experiencing symptoms like nausea, fatigue, and body aches that often get mistaken for the flu or stomach bug.
By Phase 3 (icteric phase), more obvious signs appear - your urine darkens, stool becomes pale, and your skin might turn yellow (jaundice). Your liver may enlarge and become painful. Finally, during Phase 4 (convalescent phase), your symptoms gradually improve as your liver begins to heal.
Each hepatitis virus causes slightly different symptoms. Hepatitis A and E typically cause acute illness with flu-like symptoms. Hepatitis B and D can cause similar acute symptoms but have higher risks of developing into chronic conditions. Most people with Hepatitis C (about 80%) show no symptoms initially, making it particularly dangerous as it silently damages the liver.
Important Hepatitis E can be particularly dangerous for pregnant women, who face a significantly higher mortality rate than other patients.
Hepatitis G infections are usually mild or completely symptomless. While there have been rare reports of serious liver problems like fibrosis or fulminant hepatitis, these complications aren't common with this virus.
Autoimmune hepatitis is different from viral hepatitis because it's caused by your immune system attacking your liver. This condition can range from completely symptomless (with only elevated liver enzymes showing up on blood tests) to severe, rapidly-progressing liver failure.
Hepatitis symptoms can mimic many other conditions, making diagnosis challenging. These include liver abscess, various cancers (hepatocellular and pancreatic), drug-induced liver damage, and gallbladder problems like cholecystitis. Other conditions with overlapping symptoms include abdominal trauma, pancreatitis, gastroenteritis, and bowel obstructions.
Remember Many early hepatitis symptoms resemble common stomach bugs or food poisoning. If you have persistent digestive symptoms, fatigue, or notice yellowing of your eyes or skin, it's important to see a doctor promptly.
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Ann Villamor
@annevillamor_sun
Hepatitis is a group of diseases affecting the liver, caused by several viruses from different viral families. Each type of hepatitis virus (A through G) has unique characteristics, transmission methods, and clinical presentations that affect how the disease progresses and... Show more
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Hepatitis comes in several different viral forms, each with its own characteristics. Hepatitis A is a small RNA virus spread through contaminated food or water. Hepatitis B belongs to the DNA-based hepadnavirus family and is transmitted through blood and body fluids. Hepatitis C, another RNA virus, spreads primarily through blood contact.
The less common forms include Hepatitis D, which is unique as it resembles a plant viroid rather than a typical virus and requires Hepatitis B to replicate. Hepatitis E is similar to caliciviruses and spreads through the digestive tract, while Hepatitis G is a flavivirus whose role in liver disease remains unclear.
These viruses differ significantly in their transmission methods, incubation periods, and tendency to cause chronic disease. Hepatitis B and C frequently become chronic (10% and >50% chance respectively), while Hepatitis A and E typically don't progress to chronic infections. Unfortunately, none of these viruses have definitive cures, and treatments generally focus on managing symptoms.
Did you know? Hepatitis infections typically progress through four distinct phases - from silent viral replication to symptoms that can initially be mistaken for common illnesses like the flu or food poisoning.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
When you get hepatitis, your body typically goes through four phases. During Phase 1 (viral replication), you might not feel sick at all, even though the virus is multiplying in your body. In Phase 2 (prodromal phase), you'll start experiencing symptoms like nausea, fatigue, and body aches that often get mistaken for the flu or stomach bug.
By Phase 3 (icteric phase), more obvious signs appear - your urine darkens, stool becomes pale, and your skin might turn yellow (jaundice). Your liver may enlarge and become painful. Finally, during Phase 4 (convalescent phase), your symptoms gradually improve as your liver begins to heal.
Each hepatitis virus causes slightly different symptoms. Hepatitis A and E typically cause acute illness with flu-like symptoms. Hepatitis B and D can cause similar acute symptoms but have higher risks of developing into chronic conditions. Most people with Hepatitis C (about 80%) show no symptoms initially, making it particularly dangerous as it silently damages the liver.
Important: Hepatitis E can be particularly dangerous for pregnant women, who face a significantly higher mortality rate than other patients.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Hepatitis G infections are usually mild or completely symptomless. While there have been rare reports of serious liver problems like fibrosis or fulminant hepatitis, these complications aren't common with this virus.
Autoimmune hepatitis is different from viral hepatitis because it's caused by your immune system attacking your liver. This condition can range from completely symptomless (with only elevated liver enzymes showing up on blood tests) to severe, rapidly-progressing liver failure.
Hepatitis symptoms can mimic many other conditions, making diagnosis challenging. These include liver abscess, various cancers (hepatocellular and pancreatic), drug-induced liver damage, and gallbladder problems like cholecystitis. Other conditions with overlapping symptoms include abdominal trauma, pancreatitis, gastroenteritis, and bowel obstructions.
Remember: Many early hepatitis symptoms resemble common stomach bugs or food poisoning. If you have persistent digestive symptoms, fatigue, or notice yellowing of your eyes or skin, it's important to see a doctor promptly.
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
0
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
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