Geocentric vs Heliocentric
The Geocentric Model
Planet Earth is considered the center of the Universe in the geocentric model. According to this model, the planets, stars, and the sun revolve in a circle around Earth. The core belief is that Earth is not in motion but rather fixed in the center of the Universe.
The Heliocentric Model
On the other hand, the heliocentric model states that the Sun is the center of the Universe. In this model, the planets, including Earth, and stars revolve around the Sun. As per this theory, the planets rotate around the sun in a circular path, and Earth is in motion, revolving around the sun.
Nicholas Copernicus
Nicholas Copernicus, a Polish priest who lived in the 16th century, proposed the concept that the Earth, along with other planets, revolved around the sun. He introduced the heliocentric theory, which suggests that the sun is at the center of the Universe.
Johannes Kepler
Johannes Kepler, a Renaissance astronomer, introduced the concept of elliptical orbitals in the late 1500s. According to Kepler's theory, the planets move around the sun in an ellipse. Planets closer to the Sun move faster around the sun as compared to planets much further away. There is a clear relationship between the planet's distance from the sun and the time it takes to revolve around the sun.
Galileo Galilei
Galileo Galilei, a prominent figure in the field of science, made significant contributions to astronomy. He developed his own telescope and microscope, which enhanced his ability to explore space. His observations led to the validation of the heliocentric theory and contributed to the understanding of the planets orbiting the Sun.
Galileo's Telescope
Galileo's telescope played a crucial role in validating the heliocentric theory and identifying various astronomical phenomena, such as moon craters, mountains, and phases. It also helped in the discovery of the moons orbiting Jupiter.
Sir Francis Bacon
Englishman Sir Francis Bacon, known for constructing the scientific method, made a significant impact during the Scientific Revolution. He popularized, developed, and established the scientific method, which became a fundamental framework for scientific inquiry.
Scientific Method
The scientific method involves several essential steps, including observing, asking questions, forming hypotheses, conducting experiments, evaluating results, and drawing conclusions based on observations.
Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton, considered one of the most important scientists in history, formulated the theory of gravity and the three laws of motion. These laws played a critical role in characterizing the motion of objects on Earth and gave rise to the field of physics.
Newton's Laws of Motion
Newton's laws describe the behavior of objects in motion and at rest, providing a framework for understanding the physical world.
In conclusion, the Scientific Revolution brought about a paradigm shift in the understanding of the universe, with significant contributions from key figures such as Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Bacon, and Newton. Their work revolutionized scientific inquiry and laid the foundation for modern scientific knowledge and exploration.
For more detailed information and in-depth knowledge of the Scientific Revolution, you can refer to the 7th-grade social studies notes chapter 1 or the 7th-grade social studies textbook pdf "World Studies for Georgia Students-Grade 7." Additionally, the 7th-grade social studies workbook pdf and the "World Studies for Georgia Students-Grade 7 Answer Key" can provide comprehensive insights into the subject matter.
