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Functionalist Views on Couples and Families - Parsons, Feminist Views, and Conjugal Roles Explained

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Functionalist Views on Couples and Families - Parsons, Feminist Views, and Conjugal Roles Explained
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Saffron

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Functionalist and feminist perspectives on family roles and domestic labor shape modern understanding of couples' dynamics.

Key points:

  • Functionalist view couples 1955 parsons emphasizes clear gender role division
  • Feminist views on family (sociology) challenge traditional role segregation
  • Domestic division of labour Sociology shows persistent inequality despite social progress
  • Studies reveal ongoing debate between cultural and material explanations
  • Domestic violence remains a significant concern in family dynamics

1/1/2023

1546

Couples This is about the different roles men and women have in the family- housework, childcare and paid work. Different sociologists have

View

Functionalist View on Couples: Parsons' Perspective (1955)

This page delves into Talcott Parsons' functionalist view on couples from 1955, which emphasizes a clear division of labor in nuclear families.

Key points of Parsons' theory:

  • Nuclear families have segregated roles for men and women
  • Men take on the instrumental role as breadwinners
  • Women fulfill the expressive role as homemakers and primary caregivers

Definition: The instrumental role involves providing financial support for the family, while the expressive role focuses on meeting the family's emotional needs and socializing children.

Parsons argues that this division is based on biological differences and benefits both the family and society.

Criticisms of Parsons' view:

  • Young & Willmott (1962) argue that it ignores the trend towards more shared domestic roles
  • Feminists reject the idea that this division is natural, claiming it primarily benefits men

Example: In Parsons' model, a husband might work full-time in a corporate job to provide income, while his wife manages the household and cares for the children.

The page also introduces Bott's (1957) concepts of conjugal roles:

  • Segregated conjugal roles: Separate tasks and leisure activities for husbands and wives
  • Joint conjugal roles: Shared tasks and leisure time between partners

Vocabulary: Conjugal roles refer to the patterns of task division and interaction between married partners or long-term couples.

Couples This is about the different roles men and women have in the family- housework, childcare and paid work. Different sociologists have

View

The Symmetrical Family and Feminist Critiques

This page explores the concept of the symmetrical family and presents feminist critiques of the domestic division of labor.

Young & Willmott's (1972) symmetrical family theory:

  • Proposes a "march of progress" view where families are becoming more equal and democratic
  • Argues for a long-term trend away from separate roles towards joint roles
  • Identifies factors contributing to this shift, such as women's increased participation in the workforce and technological advancements

Quote: "A march of progress view, the family is gradually improving for members- turning more equal and democratic."

Feminist perspective on housework:

  • Rejects the march of progress view, arguing that families remain unequal
  • Oakley (1974) criticizes Young & Willmott for exaggerating the extent of symmetry in families
  • Warde & Hetherington (1993) find that domestic tasks remain largely sex-typed

Example: Wives are 30 times more likely to have last done the laundry, while husbands are 4 times more likely to have last washed the car.

The page highlights the ongoing debate about whether increased female participation in the workforce has led to a more equal division of domestic labor.

Highlight: The concept of the "dual burden" suggests that women often bear the responsibility of both paid work and domestic duties.

Couples This is about the different roles men and women have in the family- housework, childcare and paid work. Different sociologists have

View

Debating the Impact of Women's Employment on Domestic Labor

This page presents contrasting views on how women's increased participation in paid work has affected the division of domestic labor.

March of progress perspective:

  • Argues that women's employment leads to a more equal division of household labor
  • Suggests men are becoming more involved in childcare and housework

Example: Gershuny (1994) found that women working full-time did less domestic work than other women, indicating a move towards symmetry.

Opposing view:

  • Contends that women's employment hasn't significantly equalized domestic labor
  • Introduces the concept of the "dual burden" for women

Vocabulary: The dual burden refers to the situation where women are responsible for both paid work and the majority of domestic duties.

British Social Attitudes Survey (2013) findings:

  • Men did an average of 8 hours of housework per week, while women did 13 hours
  • Men spent 10 hours caring for family members, compared to women's 23 hours
  • 60% of women felt they did more than their fair share of domestic work

Highlight: Despite some progress, women still perform approximately twice as much domestic labor as men.

The page also notes that traditional gender roles persist in task allocation, with women doing more laundry and men handling small repairs.

Quote: "Allan (1985) argues women's tasks like washing are less intrinsically fascinating - survey doesn't measure the qualitative differences in men/women's tasks."

Couples This is about the different roles men and women have in the family- housework, childcare and paid work. Different sociologists have

View

Changing Attitudes Towards Gender Roles

This page discusses the shift in societal attitudes regarding traditional gender roles within families.

Key findings from the British Social Attitudes Survey (2013):

  • Significant decrease in support for traditional instrumental and expressive roles
  • In 1984, 45% of men and 41% of women agreed with traditional role division
  • By 2013, only 13% of men and 12% of women supported these traditional roles

Highlight: The data suggests a substantial shift in public opinion away from traditional gender role expectations over three decades.

This change in attitudes reflects broader societal transformations and may influence future trends in domestic labor division and family dynamics.

Example: Modern couples may be more likely to negotiate shared responsibilities for both earning income and managing household tasks, rather than automatically assuming traditional gender-based roles.

The page implies that while attitudes have changed significantly, behaviors may not have kept pace, as evidenced by the persistent inequalities in domestic labor distribution discussed earlier.

Couples This is about the different roles men and women have in the family- housework, childcare and paid work. Different sociologists have

View

Conclusion and Implications

This final page would typically summarize the key points discussed throughout the document and consider the implications of these findings for families, society, and future research. However, as the provided transcript does not include this content, I cannot generate a summary for this page. If you have additional information about the conclusion or implications of this topic, please provide it, and I'll be happy to summarize it accordingly.

Couples This is about the different roles men and women have in the family- housework, childcare and paid work. Different sociologists have

View

Page 6: Domestic Violence Definition and Statistics

The page presents official definitions and statistics regarding domestic violence.

Definition: Home Office 2013 defines domestic violence as controlling, coercive, or threatening behavior between partners or family members.

Highlight: Women experience higher rates of multiple incidents and more severe forms of abuse.

Couples This is about the different roles men and women have in the family- housework, childcare and paid work. Different sociologists have

View

Couples: Understanding Gender Roles and Domestic Division of Labor

This page introduces the topic of gender roles within families, focusing on the distribution of housework, childcare, and paid work between men and women. It highlights that different sociologists have varying perspectives on whether domestic work is shared equally between partners.

Definition: Domestic division of labor refers to how household tasks and responsibilities are allocated between family members, particularly between male and female partners.

Highlight: The debate on domestic labor distribution is central to understanding family dynamics and gender equality in modern society.

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Subjects

/

Sociology

/

Social Stratification

/

Gender

/

Gender Roles and Stereotypes

Functionalist Views on Couples and Families - Parsons, Feminist Views, and Conjugal Roles Explained

user profile picture

Saffron

@saffron

·

3,370 Followers

Follow

Functionalist and feminist perspectives on family roles and domestic labor shape modern understanding of couples' dynamics.

Key points:

  • Functionalist view couples 1955 parsons emphasizes clear gender role division
  • Feminist views on family (sociology) challenge traditional role segregation
  • Domestic division of labour Sociology shows persistent inequality despite social progress
  • Studies reveal ongoing debate between cultural and material explanations
  • Domestic violence remains a significant concern in family dynamics

1/1/2023

1546

 

12/13

 

Sociology

64

Couples This is about the different roles men and women have in the family- housework, childcare and paid work. Different sociologists have

Functionalist View on Couples: Parsons' Perspective (1955)

This page delves into Talcott Parsons' functionalist view on couples from 1955, which emphasizes a clear division of labor in nuclear families.

Key points of Parsons' theory:

  • Nuclear families have segregated roles for men and women
  • Men take on the instrumental role as breadwinners
  • Women fulfill the expressive role as homemakers and primary caregivers

Definition: The instrumental role involves providing financial support for the family, while the expressive role focuses on meeting the family's emotional needs and socializing children.

Parsons argues that this division is based on biological differences and benefits both the family and society.

Criticisms of Parsons' view:

  • Young & Willmott (1962) argue that it ignores the trend towards more shared domestic roles
  • Feminists reject the idea that this division is natural, claiming it primarily benefits men

Example: In Parsons' model, a husband might work full-time in a corporate job to provide income, while his wife manages the household and cares for the children.

The page also introduces Bott's (1957) concepts of conjugal roles:

  • Segregated conjugal roles: Separate tasks and leisure activities for husbands and wives
  • Joint conjugal roles: Shared tasks and leisure time between partners

Vocabulary: Conjugal roles refer to the patterns of task division and interaction between married partners or long-term couples.

Couples This is about the different roles men and women have in the family- housework, childcare and paid work. Different sociologists have

The Symmetrical Family and Feminist Critiques

This page explores the concept of the symmetrical family and presents feminist critiques of the domestic division of labor.

Young & Willmott's (1972) symmetrical family theory:

  • Proposes a "march of progress" view where families are becoming more equal and democratic
  • Argues for a long-term trend away from separate roles towards joint roles
  • Identifies factors contributing to this shift, such as women's increased participation in the workforce and technological advancements

Quote: "A march of progress view, the family is gradually improving for members- turning more equal and democratic."

Feminist perspective on housework:

  • Rejects the march of progress view, arguing that families remain unequal
  • Oakley (1974) criticizes Young & Willmott for exaggerating the extent of symmetry in families
  • Warde & Hetherington (1993) find that domestic tasks remain largely sex-typed

Example: Wives are 30 times more likely to have last done the laundry, while husbands are 4 times more likely to have last washed the car.

The page highlights the ongoing debate about whether increased female participation in the workforce has led to a more equal division of domestic labor.

Highlight: The concept of the "dual burden" suggests that women often bear the responsibility of both paid work and domestic duties.

Couples This is about the different roles men and women have in the family- housework, childcare and paid work. Different sociologists have

Debating the Impact of Women's Employment on Domestic Labor

This page presents contrasting views on how women's increased participation in paid work has affected the division of domestic labor.

March of progress perspective:

  • Argues that women's employment leads to a more equal division of household labor
  • Suggests men are becoming more involved in childcare and housework

Example: Gershuny (1994) found that women working full-time did less domestic work than other women, indicating a move towards symmetry.

Opposing view:

  • Contends that women's employment hasn't significantly equalized domestic labor
  • Introduces the concept of the "dual burden" for women

Vocabulary: The dual burden refers to the situation where women are responsible for both paid work and the majority of domestic duties.

British Social Attitudes Survey (2013) findings:

  • Men did an average of 8 hours of housework per week, while women did 13 hours
  • Men spent 10 hours caring for family members, compared to women's 23 hours
  • 60% of women felt they did more than their fair share of domestic work

Highlight: Despite some progress, women still perform approximately twice as much domestic labor as men.

The page also notes that traditional gender roles persist in task allocation, with women doing more laundry and men handling small repairs.

Quote: "Allan (1985) argues women's tasks like washing are less intrinsically fascinating - survey doesn't measure the qualitative differences in men/women's tasks."

Couples This is about the different roles men and women have in the family- housework, childcare and paid work. Different sociologists have

Changing Attitudes Towards Gender Roles

This page discusses the shift in societal attitudes regarding traditional gender roles within families.

Key findings from the British Social Attitudes Survey (2013):

  • Significant decrease in support for traditional instrumental and expressive roles
  • In 1984, 45% of men and 41% of women agreed with traditional role division
  • By 2013, only 13% of men and 12% of women supported these traditional roles

Highlight: The data suggests a substantial shift in public opinion away from traditional gender role expectations over three decades.

This change in attitudes reflects broader societal transformations and may influence future trends in domestic labor division and family dynamics.

Example: Modern couples may be more likely to negotiate shared responsibilities for both earning income and managing household tasks, rather than automatically assuming traditional gender-based roles.

The page implies that while attitudes have changed significantly, behaviors may not have kept pace, as evidenced by the persistent inequalities in domestic labor distribution discussed earlier.

Couples This is about the different roles men and women have in the family- housework, childcare and paid work. Different sociologists have

Conclusion and Implications

This final page would typically summarize the key points discussed throughout the document and consider the implications of these findings for families, society, and future research. However, as the provided transcript does not include this content, I cannot generate a summary for this page. If you have additional information about the conclusion or implications of this topic, please provide it, and I'll be happy to summarize it accordingly.

Couples This is about the different roles men and women have in the family- housework, childcare and paid work. Different sociologists have

Page 6: Domestic Violence Definition and Statistics

The page presents official definitions and statistics regarding domestic violence.

Definition: Home Office 2013 defines domestic violence as controlling, coercive, or threatening behavior between partners or family members.

Highlight: Women experience higher rates of multiple incidents and more severe forms of abuse.

Couples This is about the different roles men and women have in the family- housework, childcare and paid work. Different sociologists have

Couples: Understanding Gender Roles and Domestic Division of Labor

This page introduces the topic of gender roles within families, focusing on the distribution of housework, childcare, and paid work between men and women. It highlights that different sociologists have varying perspectives on whether domestic work is shared equally between partners.

Definition: Domestic division of labor refers to how household tasks and responsibilities are allocated between family members, particularly between male and female partners.

Highlight: The debate on domestic labor distribution is central to understanding family dynamics and gender equality in modern society.

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Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

Ranked #1 Education App

Download in

Google Play

Download in

App Store

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

4.9+

Average App Rating

15 M

Students use Knowunity

#1

In Education App Charts in 12 Countries

950 K+

Students uploaded study notes

Still not sure? Look at what your fellow peers are saying...

iOS User

I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D

Stefan S, iOS User

The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D

SuSSan, iOS User

Love this App ❤️, I use it basically all the time whenever I'm studying