Mitosis and Cell Division
Mitosis is a fundamental process in cell division, consisting of several stages that ensure the accurate distribution of genetic material. The cell cycle, which includes mitosis, is regulated by internal and external factors to maintain proper cell growth and division.
Definition: Cell division is the process by which a growing cell divides into two daughter cells before it becomes too large.
The stages of mitosis include:
- Prophase: Chromosomes become visible, the nuclear membrane breaks down, and spindle fibers begin to form.
- Metaphase: Sister chromatids line up at the center of the cell.
- Anaphase: Sister chromatids are pulled apart and move to opposite poles of the cell.
- Telophase: Spindle fibers break down, the nuclear membrane reforms, and chromosomes begin to uncoil and form chromatin.
Vocabulary: Mitosis refers to the division of the nucleus, while cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm and organelles.
Internal regulators ensure that the cell enters mitosis only when all chromosomes have been replicated. External regulators stimulate growth and division, playing a role in processes such as embryonic development and wound healing.
Highlight: The 4 stages of mitosis Prophase,Metaphase,Anaphase,Telophase are crucial for understanding the detailed steps of mitosis process in cell division.
Example: During wound healing, external regulators signal cells to divide more rapidly to repair damaged tissue.
