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Cool Gas and Temperature Tricks: Ideal & Combined Gas Laws for Class 10 and 11

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Hiraya Manawari

2/24/2023

Chemistry

Gas Laws

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Cool Gas and Temperature Tricks: Ideal & Combined Gas Laws for Class 10 and 11

Hey there! Dive into fun examples of the ideal gas law and find out how pressure, volume, and temperature formulas work. Learn to calculate with the ideal gas law formula, and explore how solutes can change boiling and freezing points. Check out how to find the freezing point of water, and discover what that cool 'R' in the gas law means. Perfect for young scientists with easy-to-understand gas laws and calculator tips for class 10 and class 11!

2/24/2023

139

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

View

Avogadro's Law and Ideal Gas Law

This page covers Avogadro's Law and the Ideal Gas Law, which are crucial for understanding gas behavior.

Avogadro's Law states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules. The Ideal Gas Law combines all previous gas laws into one equation: PV = nRT.

Definition: Avogadro's Law: V₁/n₁ = V₂/n₂ Definition: Ideal Gas Law: PV = nRT

Vocabulary: R (gas constant) = 0.08205 L·atm/mol·K or 8.314 J/mol·K

The page also includes Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures and various unit conversions for pressure and molar quantities.

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

View

Colligative Properties

This page introduces colligative properties, which are properties of solutions that depend on the number of dissolved particles rather than their nature.

The focus is on vapor pressure lowering, as described by Raoult's Law. This law states that the vapor pressure of a solution is directly proportional to the mole fraction of the solvent.

Definition: Raoult's Law: P(solution) = X(solvent) · P°(solvent)

Example: The vapor pressure of pure water at room temperature is 23.8 torr (mmHg).

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

View

Osmotic Pressure

This page explains osmotic pressure, another colligative property of solutions.

Osmotic pressure (π) is calculated using the van 't Hoff equation: π = iMRT, where i is the van 't Hoff factor, M is molarity, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin.

Definition: Osmotic Pressure Equation: π = iMRT

Vocabulary: van 't Hoff factor (i) - the number of particles a solute dissociates into when dissolved

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

View

Boiling Point Elevation

This page discusses boiling point elevation, a colligative property where the presence of a solute increases the boiling point of a solution.

The formula for calculating boiling point elevation is ΔTb = Kb · m, where Kb is the molal boiling point elevation constant and m is the molality of the solution.

Definition: Boiling Point Elevation: ΔTb = Kb · m

Example: For water, Kb = 0.52°C/molal, and the normal boiling point is 100°C.

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

View

Freezing Point Depression

This page explains freezing point depression, where the presence of a solute lowers the freezing point of a solution.

The formula for calculating freezing point depression is ΔTf = Kf · m, where Kf is the molal freezing point depression constant and m is the molality of the solution.

Definition: Freezing Point Depression: ΔTf = Kf · m

Example: For water, Kf = 1.86°C/molal, and the normal freezing point is 0°C.

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

View

pH Calculations

This page covers pH calculations for strong and weak acids and bases.

For strong acids and bases, pH is calculated directly from the concentration. For weak acids and bases, the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is used.

Definition: pH = -log[H⁺] Definition: pOH = -log[OH⁻] Definition: Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation: pH = pKa + log([A⁻]/[HA])

Highlight: pKw = 14 = pH + pOH (for aqueous solutions at 25°C)

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

View

Micromeritics and Particle Volume

This page introduces micromeritics, the science of small particles, and defines different types of particle volumes.

Three types of volumes are defined: true volume (Vp), granule volume (Vg), and bulk volume (Vb). These volumes account for intraparticle and interparticle spaces.

Definition: True Volume (Vp) = Volume of the particle itself Definition: Granule Volume (Vg) = Vp + Intraparticle spaces Definition: Bulk Volume (Vb) = Vg + Interparticle spaces

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

View

Isotonic Solutions - Cryoscopic Method

This page explains the cryoscopic method for preparing isotonic solutions.

The method uses the freezing point depression of a solution to calculate the amount of solute needed to make it isotonic with body fluids.

Definition: Isotonic Solution: A solution with the same osmotic pressure as body fluids

Example: 0.9% NaCl solution is isotonic with body fluids

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

View

E-value Method for Isotonic Solutions

This page describes the E-value method for preparing isotonic solutions.

The E-value represents the amount of sodium chloride that is equivalent to the osmotic effect of a given substance.

Definition: E-value: The NaCl equivalent of a substance in terms of osmotic effect

The method involves several steps to calculate the amount of sodium chloride needed to make a solution isotonic.

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Cool Gas and Temperature Tricks: Ideal & Combined Gas Laws for Class 10 and 11

H

Hiraya Manawari

@hirayamanawari_weno

Hey there! Dive into fun examples of the ideal gas law and find out how pressure, volume, and temperature formulas work. Learn to calculate with the ideal gas law formula, and explore how solutes can change boiling and freezing points. Check out how to find the freezing point of water, and discover what that cool 'R' in the gas law means. Perfect for young scientists with easy-to-understand gas laws and calculator tips for class 10 and class 11!

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

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Improve your grades

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By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Avogadro's Law and Ideal Gas Law

This page covers Avogadro's Law and the Ideal Gas Law, which are crucial for understanding gas behavior.

Avogadro's Law states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules. The Ideal Gas Law combines all previous gas laws into one equation: PV = nRT.

Definition: Avogadro's Law: V₁/n₁ = V₂/n₂ Definition: Ideal Gas Law: PV = nRT

Vocabulary: R (gas constant) = 0.08205 L·atm/mol·K or 8.314 J/mol·K

The page also includes Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures and various unit conversions for pressure and molar quantities.

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Colligative Properties

This page introduces colligative properties, which are properties of solutions that depend on the number of dissolved particles rather than their nature.

The focus is on vapor pressure lowering, as described by Raoult's Law. This law states that the vapor pressure of a solution is directly proportional to the mole fraction of the solvent.

Definition: Raoult's Law: P(solution) = X(solvent) · P°(solvent)

Example: The vapor pressure of pure water at room temperature is 23.8 torr (mmHg).

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Osmotic Pressure

This page explains osmotic pressure, another colligative property of solutions.

Osmotic pressure (π) is calculated using the van 't Hoff equation: π = iMRT, where i is the van 't Hoff factor, M is molarity, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin.

Definition: Osmotic Pressure Equation: π = iMRT

Vocabulary: van 't Hoff factor (i) - the number of particles a solute dissociates into when dissolved

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Boiling Point Elevation

This page discusses boiling point elevation, a colligative property where the presence of a solute increases the boiling point of a solution.

The formula for calculating boiling point elevation is ΔTb = Kb · m, where Kb is the molal boiling point elevation constant and m is the molality of the solution.

Definition: Boiling Point Elevation: ΔTb = Kb · m

Example: For water, Kb = 0.52°C/molal, and the normal boiling point is 100°C.

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

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Freezing Point Depression

This page explains freezing point depression, where the presence of a solute lowers the freezing point of a solution.

The formula for calculating freezing point depression is ΔTf = Kf · m, where Kf is the molal freezing point depression constant and m is the molality of the solution.

Definition: Freezing Point Depression: ΔTf = Kf · m

Example: For water, Kf = 1.86°C/molal, and the normal freezing point is 0°C.

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

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Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

pH Calculations

This page covers pH calculations for strong and weak acids and bases.

For strong acids and bases, pH is calculated directly from the concentration. For weak acids and bases, the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is used.

Definition: pH = -log[H⁺] Definition: pOH = -log[OH⁻] Definition: Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation: pH = pKa + log([A⁻]/[HA])

Highlight: pKw = 14 = pH + pOH (for aqueous solutions at 25°C)

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

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Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Micromeritics and Particle Volume

This page introduces micromeritics, the science of small particles, and defines different types of particle volumes.

Three types of volumes are defined: true volume (Vp), granule volume (Vg), and bulk volume (Vb). These volumes account for intraparticle and interparticle spaces.

Definition: True Volume (Vp) = Volume of the particle itself Definition: Granule Volume (Vg) = Vp + Intraparticle spaces Definition: Bulk Volume (Vb) = Vg + Interparticle spaces

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Isotonic Solutions - Cryoscopic Method

This page explains the cryoscopic method for preparing isotonic solutions.

The method uses the freezing point depression of a solution to calculate the amount of solute needed to make it isotonic with body fluids.

Definition: Isotonic Solution: A solution with the same osmotic pressure as body fluids

Example: 0.9% NaCl solution is isotonic with body fluids

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

E-value Method for Isotonic Solutions

This page describes the E-value method for preparing isotonic solutions.

The E-value represents the amount of sodium chloride that is equivalent to the osmotic effect of a given substance.

Definition: E-value: The NaCl equivalent of a substance in terms of osmotic effect

The method involves several steps to calculate the amount of sodium chloride needed to make a solution isotonic.

<h2 id="boyleslaw">Boyle's Law</h2> <p>Boyle's law, stated as PV = constant, shows the inverse relationship between pressure and volume for

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

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Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Liso Method for Isotonic Solutions

This page explains the Liso method for preparing isotonic solutions.

The Liso value is used to calculate the freezing point depression of a solution. Two methods for calculating the E-value are presented: the old method and the new method.

Definition: Liso: A constant used to calculate freezing point depression

Example: For NaCl, Liso = 0.576

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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

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This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️

Thomas R

iOS user

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Brad T

Android user

Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍

David K

iOS user

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Android user

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Android user

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