continuity from medieval period                                scientific approach - Thomas Sydenham improving diagnosis                                                       influence on printing press to spread ideas            Royal Society on transmission of ideas

c1500-c1700 - medicine in renaissance.     causes

there was little change. methods remained similar to medieval times. 

how much change was there in medical practice?

what was the speed of impact on the new ideas of disease and illness?

the church was still very powerful.                        the government didn’t spend money to try and improve health, apart from when the plague outbreak occurred.                                                   some herbal remedies still worked - encouraged people to stick to old ways.                galen and other doctors were still the main teachings for training docs. 

why did it have a slow impact on patients?

who promoted believing what you saw over what you read?

when did doctors stop believing that humoural imbalance caused illness?

what invention made it easier for physicians to share their work?

Royal Society. they funded researched and provided a hub to share ideas and discoveries 

who promoted and funded scientific experimentation?

continuity from the medieval period.                    care in the community and in hospitals.               improvements in medical training.                        influence in england of the work of versalius

what treatments were still popular between 1500 and 1700?

chemical cure - new interest in minerals and chemicals in society

what did people still believe in to prevent miasmata?

apothecaries and surgeons. they received more formal training 

anatomy and botany alongside the traditional medical course

corrected galens mistakes and encouraged dissection

what did the remaining hospitals focus on?

his career.                                                                 the discovery of the circulation of blood. 

that blood circulated around the body and not in the liver and absorbed in the body, said by galen 

the heart acted as a pump, propelling blood around the body 

little impact because it couldn’t be used to perform practical medical treatments

how much impact did his work have at first?

dealing with the plague in london, 1665.              approaches to treatment.                                         attempts to prevent its spread.        

supernatural - misalignment of planets or god sending a punishment out or miasmata

what did people think the cause of the plague was?

a lot more action than any other outbreak 

continuity from medical renaissance period.       influence in Britain of pasteur’s germ theory.      koch’s work on microbes.  

c1700-c1900 - medicine in industrial rev.               causes

germs being produced by decaying matter, called spontaneous generation

what did scientists start to theorise in this era?

1861. germ theory. it proved that microbes in the air caused decay in substances like wine and vinegar

when and what did louis pasteur discover?

started to remove microbes from his operating theatres 

how did joseph lister react to pasteur’s discovery?

looked for specific microbes that caused diseases. identified many, including the one that caused cholera

improvements in hospital care.                            influence of nightingale.                                         impact of anaesthetics on surgery.                           impact of antiseptic on surgery.                             development and use of vaccinations.                     public health act 1875

why did treatment and prevention of disease change by c1900?

what made treatments more widely available)

why were herbal and patent remedies still popular?

why had surgical treatments become more effective?

blood loss. surgeons had to work quickly 

1875 - government took action to improve public health in cities. this is because they had better understanding that clean environment = less illness

the career of Edward Jenner.                                   the development of vaccination. 

if you get cowpox you can’t get smallpox

fighting cholera in london, 1854.                               attempts to prevent its spread.                               the significance of John snow.                                  the broad street pump.                                  

medicine in britain

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medicine in britain

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