Understanding the Legislative Branch and Congressional Structure
The AP Gov Unit 2 Review focuses on the fundamental structure of Congress and the interactions among branches of government. The legislative branch consists of a bicameral legislature divided into two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate, each with distinct qualifications and responsibilities.
Definition: Bicameralism refers to a two-house legislature system established by the Constitution to ensure balanced representation between populous and less populous states.
The House of Representatives, with 435 voting members, requires representatives to be 25 years old, U.S. citizens for 7 years, and legal residents of their represented states. Representatives serve 2-year terms, making them more responsive to constituent needs. The House of Representatives AP Gov definition emphasizes its role in initiating revenue bills and impeachment procedures.
The Senate consists of 100 members twoperstate serving 6-year staggered terms. Senators must be 30 years old, U.S. citizens for 9 years, and legal residents of their states. The Senate AP Gov definition highlights its unique powers, including confirming presidential appointments and ratifying treaties.
Highlight: The 17th Amendment 1913 transformed the Senate by establishing direct election of senators by voters, rather than selection by state legislatures.