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Aim: To what extent did the Enlightenment impact the abolitionist movement? Vocabulary: Abolition of slavery, Scientific Racism Enlightenment Reform Movements 1. Women's rights for lower class(especiallyy fight for women's sufferage) 2. Voting Rights for Lower class (previously many countriesies said you had to own property) 3. Abolition Slavery Scientific Racism -During the 1700's a pseudoscience(not real) called Scientific Racism developed. Scientific Racism was the idea that: - Science can determine different classifications of people - These classifications of people have different worth Aim: To what extent, did the enlightenment cause the French revolution Vocabulary: French Revolution, Three Estates, Louis XVI, Declaration of the Rights of Man and citizen, Bourgeoisie France: Absolute Monarchy -Believed in Divine Right (god given right to rule) Three estates -1st state(Roman Catholic Clergy) -2nd estate:Nobles -3rd estate: Bourgeoise:Wealthy Merchant and skilled Workers City Workers, Farmers(80% of the population) Estates General -A governing body that existed in France to mostly just advise the King, but had not been called in over 100 years -each estate got one vote Causes of the French Revolution -social inequality due to the estate system -increased popularity of science over religion - Shortage in flour and increase in demand-> starvation -France in Debt Printing press spread of ideas of the enlightenment - Enlightenment -Taxation on the Third Estate (not on the 1st or 2nd) -Lack of representation of the Third Estate -Bad havest -King and Queen did not live in the Large City (versailles, about 4.5 hour walk) -success of the American Revolution -War with England and the American Revolution -Popular Financial minister loses position Aim: to what extent was the French Revolution a success? Vocabulary: Reign of terror, Robespierre, Committee of Public Safety, Jacobins, Guillotine, Napoleon, Napoleonic Wars Jacobin Rule(1793-1794) -Committee of Public Safety by Robespierre to protect against rebellion and war Reign of terror -A year when the committee of public safety used the guillotine to publicly execute people There was a overthrow of Jacobin Club Napoleon - 1804: Napoleon crowned emperor Napoleonic Wars Napoleon created an empire in Europe thorough war, but when he tried to invade Russia, he failed Aim: To what extent, did the goals of the Haitian Revolution change over time? Vocabulary: Haitian Revolution, Toussaint Couverture Haitian Revolution: Largest and most successful slave rebellion in history Context: Haiti -Colonized by the French in 1697 (called Saint Domingue) - Sugar and Coffee and made this one of the richest colonies in the world -Used enslaved Africans to work the sugar and coffee plantations Toussaint Louverture - Born as an enslaved person -Become the leader of the Haitian Revolution French Revolution 1789: News of French Revolution spread led to slave revolts in Saint Domingue 1790: Free men of color in Saint Domingue proclaimed themselves French Citizens and the National Assembly grants full civil rights to free men of color 1794: Robespierre and his government abolishes slavery in France and its colonies Napoleon launched an invasion -Toussain was captured and later died - Napoleon pulled out his troops and Haiti got independence in 1804 Document 1: 1. The monument is a reminder to citizens in Haiti of the rights tin which they have and also a remind to who in which they fall under Document 2 -Summary: Why should our rights be taken away from us. Slavery was not any good for us and more beneficial for the white man. Document 3 -Summary: Aim: To what extent, did the roles of the Haitian Revolution change over time? Vocabulary: Haitian Revolution, Toussaint Louverture Aim: To what extent, did the goals of Latin American Revolution's differ? Vocabulary: Miguel Hidalgo, Simon Bolivar, Jamaica Letter Context: Spanish Colonies -Spanish colonies in Central and Latin America declared independence from Spain after 300 years of col lism What were some problems people in the Americas had with the Spanish? Social: Lack of rights due to the Casta System (social hierarchy based on race) Political: Spanish people have the most power and the people in the Americas want power Interactions Cultural: Economic: Mercantilism(took money from the colonies from the mother country; Spain), indigenous people in covered labor under the Encomienda system and Hacienda System, Taxed heavily by spain, (forced indigenous people to mine silver for the spanish), Chattel slavery(Enslaved Africans on Plantations) Aim: How similar are revolutionary texts from the Atlantic Revolutions? Vocabulary: Declaration of Independence, Declaration of the Rights of Men and Citizen, Jamaica Letter Atlantic Revolutions - A century of Revolutions (1750s-1850s) in the Americas and Europe - Often Revolutionary Documents demonstrated ideas that influenced the revolutions 1. American Revolution (Text/Document Declaration of independence) 2. French Revolution (Text/Document: Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen) 3. Haitian Revolution (Text/Document: Haitian Declaration of Independence) 4. Mexican Independence Movement(Cry of Dolores) 5. Latin American Independence Movements(Text/ Document: The Jamaica Letter) Similarity Differences Aim: to what extent did nationalism positively impact European nations? Vocabulary: nationalism, Revolutions of 1848, German and Italian Unification, Congress of Vienna, Otto Von Bismarck, Block & Iron Context: nationalism - The goal of the congress of Vienna was to restore the Power of the monarchs in Europe after the napoleonic wars Nationalism - people to identify with the interest of their national group and to support the creation of a state-a nation-state- to support those interests. Revolutions of 1848 all around Europe were sparked by nationalist ideas nationalism also led to unification in Italy and Germany at the end of the 19th Century Aim: To what extent were environment factors the most important cause of the industrial Revolution in Great Britain? Vocabulary: First industrial Revolution, Agricultural Revolution's Enclosure Acts, Urbanization The First Industrial Revolution A change in society from late 18th- early 19th centuries that began in England and spread throughout the world - Before: gricultural Work and Handicrafts - After: Factory Work and Manufactured Goods Aim: How did the technology from the Industrial Revolutions change the world? Vocabulary: second Industrial Revolution, Fossil Fuels, Steam Engine, Internal Combustion Engine, Telegraph, Steamship, Railroad, Spinning Jenny, Flying Shuttle First-Industrial Revolution =Mostly Western Europe & US -Textile(fabrics) Manufactoring -Factories first powered by water then steam -Steam Engine -Fossil Fuels Second Industrial Revolution -Spread to Asia -Steel -Oil, chemicals and electricity -Railroads, Telegraphs (communication) -Internal Combustion The flying shuttle is important due to the fact that before the "current flying shuttle" two people was required to be on the side of the loom now with improvements to the flying shuttle it improved productivity of the workers with double the amount of materials produced. - Haziel P. The spinning Jenny is important due to Aim: To what extent was the industrial Revolution a period of progress? Vocabulary: Child Labor, Urbanization Child Labor Sadler led a parliamentary investigation in Great Britain into the conditions in the textile factories. 4=2=6-4 Aim: To what extent did the development of capitalism change society? Vocabulary: Capitalism- Adam Smith, Laissez-faire, Free Markets, Invisible Hand Adam Smith: -An economist and phi sopher who believed in the idea of a free economy. His ideas were the foundation of Capitalism Aim: To what extent is the Industrial Revolution in Russia and similar? Vocabulary: Meiji Resturation, Trans-Siberian Railroad The industrial Revolution occured exclusively in Britain for about 50 years, but it eventually spread to other countries in Europe, the united states, Russia, Supun - Germany eventually rivaled Great Britain's industry Russia and Japan both started to industrialize due to government support. Japan: Meisi Restoration. - under the tokugawa Shogunate, European traders were kicked out and Japan closed themselves off for 200 years commodore Matthew Perry (US) Forces Japan to sign a treaty that opened up trade with the United States а -under Emperor Meisi, the country modernized and Industrialized Russia - State supported industrialization - Trans Siberian Railroad was built to access to coal and iron -Serfs were enancipated (freedom) to provide. factories with workers give Russians Aim: How did communism and Socialism attempt to solve the problems of the Industrial Revolution? Vocabulary: Socialism, Communism, Marxist, Means of Production, Bourgeoisie, Proletariat Capitalism: The "means of production" should be controlled by private owners (not the government) - Means of Production: the things that you need for producing goods Socialism - The "means of production" should be owned by the government and operate for the welfare for all Communism - Wrote The Communist Manifesto with Frederick Engels -Communism is when the means of production are equally owned by the members of the state - Mars's form of communism involving revolt is called "Marxism" Aim: To what extent were reform movements successful Industrial societies? in transforming Vocabulary: Unions, Womans suffrage, Sadler Commitee, Abolition Luddites, en franchise, Strike Cult of Domesticity (Review), Legiolation, Emancipation Proclamation. Aim: To what extent is the Industrial Revolution in Russia and Japan similar? Aim: How did Europeans imperialize Africa> Vocabulary: Berlin Conference, King Leopold II, Assimilartion