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Chemistry

Kinetics

Fun Science: Reactions with Lithium Carbonate, Sodium Thiosulfate, and Calcium Carbonate

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Fun Science: Reactions with Lithium Carbonate, Sodium Thiosulfate, and Calcium Carbonate

Safa

@safarabee

343 Followers

This document covers key chemistry experiments and investigations related to reaction rates. It explores factors affecting reaction rates through practical experiments with various chemical reactions.

Key points:

Lithium carbonate reaction with hydrochloric acid to produce gas
Sodium thiosulfate and hydrochloric acid reaction rate investigation
Calcium carbonate (marble chips) reaction with hydrochloric acid
Effects of temperature, concentration, and particle size on reaction rates
Methods for measuring reaction rates including gas collection and mass loss

11/26/2022

449

Q1.Lithium carbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid.
A group of students investigated the volume of gas produced.
This is the method u

Lithium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Reaction

This section describes an experiment to investigate the lithium carbonate reaction with hydrochloric acid experiment. Students measure the volume of gas produced when lithium carbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid.

The experimental setup involves:

Placing lithium carbonate in a conical flask
Adding 10 cm³ of dilute hydrochloric acid
Collecting the gas produced using a measuring cylinder

Highlight: The reaction produces gas which is collected and measured to determine the reaction rate.

Students plot results showing the volume of gas produced over time. They analyze how the mass of lithium carbonate affects the volume of gas collected.

Example: The data shows that as the mass of lithium carbonate increases from 0.1g to 0.7g, the volume of gas produced increases from 22 cm³ to 96 cm³.

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Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Reaction Rate

This section details a calcium carbonate and HCl reaction rate investigation using marble chips. Students measure the volume of carbon dioxide gas produced over time as marble chips (CaCO₃) react with hydrochloric acid.

Key aspects of the experiment:

The reaction equation is: CaCO₃(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → CaCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)
Gas is collected using a measuring cylinder over water
Students plot a graph of volume of gas produced vs time

Example: The data shows the volume of gas increasing rapidly at first, then slowing down and eventually plateauing at around 0.080 dm³.

The investigation explores how particle size affects reaction rate:

Students compare results using larger vs smaller marble chips
They explain the effect of particle size on reaction rate in terms of surface area and particle collisions

Definition: Rate of reaction - The speed at which reactants are converted into products in a chemical reaction.

An alternative method for measuring reaction rate by monitoring mass loss over time is also presented. Students analyze graphs showing mass vs time to calculate reaction rates at different points.

View

Factors Affecting Reaction Rates

This section synthesizes the findings from the previous experiments to discuss the key factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions:

Temperature: Higher temperatures increase reaction rates by providing more kinetic energy to particles, resulting in more frequent and energetic collisions.
Concentration: Increasing the concentration of reactants leads to more particle collisions per unit time, thereby increasing the reaction rate.
Particle size: Smaller particles have a larger total surface area, allowing for more collisions between reactants and faster reaction rates.
Catalysts: While not explicitly investigated in these experiments, catalysts can increase reaction rates by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy.

Highlight: Understanding these factors allows chemists to control and optimize reaction rates in industrial processes and everyday applications.

Students practice analyzing graphs and calculating reaction rates using the data provided. They also explain the observed trends in terms of particle theory and collision frequency.

Example: When the marble chip size is reduced, the reaction rate increases because there is a greater surface area for the acid to react with, resulting in more frequent collisions between reactant particles.

This comprehensive exploration of reaction rates provides students with practical experience in conducting experiments, analyzing data, and applying theoretical concepts to explain real-world chemical phenomena.

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Experimental Techniques and Data Analysis

This section covers important experimental techniques and data analysis methods used in reaction rate investigations:

Gas collection: Measuring the volume of gas produced over time using an inverted measuring cylinder filled with water.
Timing methods: Using a stopwatch to measure the time for a visible change (e.g. disappearance of a cross under a cloudy solution).
Mass loss: Tracking the decrease in mass of a reaction vessel as gas escapes.
Graphing: Plotting data to visualize reaction progress and calculate rates.

Example: Students calculate the mean reaction rate by finding the slope of the steepest part of a volume vs time graph.

Controlling variables: Identifying and controlling factors that could affect results, such as temperature and concentration of reactants.
Identifying anomalies: Recognizing and explaining unexpected data points.
Error analysis: Considering sources of experimental error and their impact on results.

Highlight: Proper experimental technique and data analysis are crucial for obtaining accurate and reliable results in scientific investigations.

These skills prepare students for more advanced chemistry coursework and reinforce the importance of careful observation and quantitative analysis in scientific research.

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Sodium Thiosulfate and Hydrochloric Acid Reaction Rate

This section explores factors affecting rate of reaction sodium thiosulfate when it reacts with hydrochloric acid. The reaction produces a cloudy precipitate, allowing students to measure reaction rate by timing how long it takes for a cross underneath the reaction vessel to disappear from view.

Key aspects of the investigation:

The reaction equation is provided: Na₂S₂O₃(aq) + 2 HCl(aq) → 2 NaCl(aq) + S(s) + SO₂(g) + H₂O(l)

Vocabulary: Precipitate - A solid that forms and separates from a solution during a chemical reaction.

Students investigate how temperature affects the reaction rate
Results are plotted on a graph showing relative reaction rate vs temperature
The effect of sodium thiosulfate concentration on reaction rate is also explored

Highlight: As the temperature increases from 20°C to 80°C, the relative reaction rate increases from about 20 to 140 units.

Students analyze the trends in the results and explain the effects of temperature and concentration on reaction rate in terms of particle collisions and energy.

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Subjects

Chemistry

Kinetics

Fun Science: Reactions with Lithium Carbonate, Sodium Thiosulfate, and Calcium Carbonate

Safa

@safarabee

343 Followers

Key points:

Lithium carbonate reaction with hydrochloric acid to produce gas
Sodium thiosulfate and hydrochloric acid reaction rate investigation
Calcium carbonate (marble chips) reaction with hydrochloric acid
Effects of temperature, concentration, and particle size on reaction rates
Methods for measuring reaction rates including gas collection and mass loss

11/26/2022

449

11/9

Chemistry

Lithium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Reaction

The experimental setup involves:

Placing lithium carbonate in a conical flask
Adding 10 cm³ of dilute hydrochloric acid
Collecting the gas produced using a measuring cylinder

Highlight: The reaction produces gas which is collected and measured to determine the reaction rate.

Students plot results showing the volume of gas produced over time. They analyze how the mass of lithium carbonate affects the volume of gas collected.

Example: The data shows that as the mass of lithium carbonate increases from 0.1g to 0.7g, the volume of gas produced increases from 22 cm³ to 96 cm³.

Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Reaction Rate

Key aspects of the experiment:

The reaction equation is: CaCO₃(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → CaCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)
Gas is collected using a measuring cylinder over water
Students plot a graph of volume of gas produced vs time

Example: The data shows the volume of gas increasing rapidly at first, then slowing down and eventually plateauing at around 0.080 dm³.

The investigation explores how particle size affects reaction rate:

Students compare results using larger vs smaller marble chips
They explain the effect of particle size on reaction rate in terms of surface area and particle collisions

Definition: Rate of reaction - The speed at which reactants are converted into products in a chemical reaction.

An alternative method for measuring reaction rate by monitoring mass loss over time is also presented. Students analyze graphs showing mass vs time to calculate reaction rates at different points.

Factors Affecting Reaction Rates

This section synthesizes the findings from the previous experiments to discuss the key factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions:

Temperature: Higher temperatures increase reaction rates by providing more kinetic energy to particles, resulting in more frequent and energetic collisions.
Concentration: Increasing the concentration of reactants leads to more particle collisions per unit time, thereby increasing the reaction rate.
Particle size: Smaller particles have a larger total surface area, allowing for more collisions between reactants and faster reaction rates.
Catalysts: While not explicitly investigated in these experiments, catalysts can increase reaction rates by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy.

Highlight: Understanding these factors allows chemists to control and optimize reaction rates in industrial processes and everyday applications.

Students practice analyzing graphs and calculating reaction rates using the data provided. They also explain the observed trends in terms of particle theory and collision frequency.

Example: When the marble chip size is reduced, the reaction rate increases because there is a greater surface area for the acid to react with, resulting in more frequent collisions between reactant particles.

Experimental Techniques and Data Analysis

This section covers important experimental techniques and data analysis methods used in reaction rate investigations:

Gas collection: Measuring the volume of gas produced over time using an inverted measuring cylinder filled with water.
Timing methods: Using a stopwatch to measure the time for a visible change (e.g. disappearance of a cross under a cloudy solution).
Mass loss: Tracking the decrease in mass of a reaction vessel as gas escapes.
Graphing: Plotting data to visualize reaction progress and calculate rates.

Example: Students calculate the mean reaction rate by finding the slope of the steepest part of a volume vs time graph.

Controlling variables: Identifying and controlling factors that could affect results, such as temperature and concentration of reactants.
Identifying anomalies: Recognizing and explaining unexpected data points.
Error analysis: Considering sources of experimental error and their impact on results.

Highlight: Proper experimental technique and data analysis are crucial for obtaining accurate and reliable results in scientific investigations.

These skills prepare students for more advanced chemistry coursework and reinforce the importance of careful observation and quantitative analysis in scientific research.

Sodium Thiosulfate and Hydrochloric Acid Reaction Rate

Key aspects of the investigation:

The reaction equation is provided: Na₂S₂O₃(aq) + 2 HCl(aq) → 2 NaCl(aq) + S(s) + SO₂(g) + H₂O(l)

Vocabulary: Precipitate - A solid that forms and separates from a solution during a chemical reaction.

Students investigate how temperature affects the reaction rate
Results are plotted on a graph showing relative reaction rate vs temperature
The effect of sodium thiosulfate concentration on reaction rate is also explored

Highlight: As the temperature increases from 20°C to 80°C, the relative reaction rate increases from about 20 to 140 units.

Students analyze the trends in the results and explain the effects of temperature and concentration on reaction rate in terms of particle collisions and energy.

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

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Download in

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Average App Rating

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Students use Knowunity

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Students uploaded study notes

Still not sure? Look at what your fellow peers are saying...

iOS User

I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D

Stefan S, iOS User

The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D

SuSSan, iOS User

Fun Science: Reactions with Lithium Carbonate, Sodium Thiosulfate, and Calcium Carbonate

Lithium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Reaction

Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Reaction Rate

Factors Affecting Reaction Rates

Experimental Techniques and Data Analysis

Sodium Thiosulfate and Hydrochloric Acid Reaction Rate

Similar Content

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

4.9+

13 M

#1

950 K+

Still not sure? Look at what your fellow peers are saying...

I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D

The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D

Love this App ❤️, I use it basically all the time whenever I'm studying

Fun Science: Reactions with Lithium Carbonate, Sodium Thiosulfate, and Calcium Carbonate

Lithium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Reaction

Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Reaction Rate

Factors Affecting Reaction Rates

Experimental Techniques and Data Analysis

Sodium Thiosulfate and Hydrochloric Acid Reaction Rate

Similar Content

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Knowunity is the # 1 ranked education app in five European countries

Knowunity was a featured story by Apple and has consistently topped the app store charts within the education category in Germany, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Join Knowunity today and help millions of students around the world.

4.9+

13 M

#1

950 K+

Still not sure? Look at what your fellow peers are saying...

I love this app so much [...] I recommend Knowunity to everyone!!! I went from a C to an A with it :D

The application is very simple and well designed. So far I have found what I was looking for :D

Love this App ❤️, I use it basically all the time whenever I'm studying