Understanding Operant Conditioning
Operant conditioning is all about how consequences shape our behavior. When something good happens after you act a certain way, you're more likely to repeat that behavior. When something bad happens, you'll probably avoid doing it again.
This concept was built on earlier work by Edward Thorndike, who studied cats in puzzle boxes. When placed in these boxes, cats would accidentally press a lever that opened the door, allowing them to reach food outside. After a few tries, the cats learned to press the lever immediately, demonstrating what Thorndike called the "Law of Effect."
B.F. Skinner expanded these ideas, showing how behaviors that produce positive outcomes are strengthened, while those that lead to negative outcomes are weakened.
Try This! Think about your own experiences with operant conditioning. Do you study harder after getting a good grade (reinforcement)? Do you avoid certain behaviors after facing consequences (punishment)?