The top-down approach to offender profilingis a systematic method... Show more
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Dec 6, 2022
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The top-down approach to offender profilingis a systematic method... Show more
The FBI profile construction process follows four key stages in the top-down approach to offender profiling:
Highlight: The top-down approach has limited application and can only explain certain types of crimes, including rape, cult killings, sadistic torture, arson, and dismemberment of the body.
This limitation stems from the fact that these specific crimes tend to reveal more about the criminal's personality and motivations. The approach's applicability to modern crime is questionable due to its development using outdated personality models from the 1970s.
Vocabulary: Temporal validity refers to the extent to which research findings remain relevant and applicable over time.
The top-down approach assumes that personality is unchanging and that the motivation and behavior of criminals remain consistent. However, this assumption may not hold true in the context of modern crime and evolving criminal behaviors.
Example: While the approach might be effective in profiling a serial killer who follows a specific pattern, it may be less useful in understanding cyber criminals whose methods and motivations can rapidly evolve.
Research has both supported and criticized the organized and disorganized typology central to the top-down approach in Forensic Psychology.
Canter used smallest space analysis, a statistical technique comparing data, to assess the usefulness of the top-down approach:
Highlight: The lack of support for disorganized characteristics undermines the validity of the classification system, as it fails to substantiate half of its core typology.
Problems with the original sample used to develop the approach include:
Example: The narrow focus on American serial killers limits the approach's applicability to crimes in other cultures or to non-serial offenses.
Evaluation points:
Quote: "A weakness of the classification system is that it is too simplistic and cannot categorise all criminals" .
These criticisms highlight the need for ongoing research and refinement in criminal profiling techniques to ensure their relevance and effectiveness in modern law enforcement contexts.
The final page provides a comprehensive evaluation of the approach's strengths and limitations.
Highlight: The approach's validity is questioned due to its small, culturally-specific sample size of 36 US killers.
Example: The limitation of temporal validity is demonstrated by the approach's reliance on outdated personality models that assume unchanging behavior patterns.
Definition: Population validity refers to how well research findings can be generalized to other populations, which is limited in this case due to the small, specific sample used.
The top-down approach to offender profiling is an investigative tool developed by the FBI to predict characteristics of unknown criminals. This American method applies crime scene evidence to pre-existing templates, categorizing offenders as either organized or disorganized based on their behavior and crime scene characteristics.
Definition: Criminal profiling is an investigative and analytical tool used to help investigators accurately predict and profile the characteristics of an unknown criminal.
The approach was developed through in-depth interviews with 36 sexually motivated killers, including notorious criminals like Ted Bundy and Charles Manson. It involves working down from a pre-established typology to assign offenders to one of two categories based on witness accounts and crime scene evidence.
Highlight: The top-down approach categorizes offenders as either organized or disorganized, each with distinct characteristics.
Characteristics of an organized offender include:
Characteristics of a disorganized offender include:
Example: An organized offender might meticulously plan a kidnapping, leaving no traces at the crime scene, while a disorganized offender might act on impulse, leaving behind fingerprints and other evidence.
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The top-down approach to offender profilingis a systematic method developed by the FBI to categorize criminals based on crime scene evidence and behavioral patterns. This approach classifies offenders into organized or disorganized types through a four-stage process, helping investigators... Show more
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The FBI profile construction process follows four key stages in the top-down approach to offender profiling:
Highlight: The top-down approach has limited application and can only explain certain types of crimes, including rape, cult killings, sadistic torture, arson, and dismemberment of the body.
This limitation stems from the fact that these specific crimes tend to reveal more about the criminal's personality and motivations. The approach's applicability to modern crime is questionable due to its development using outdated personality models from the 1970s.
Vocabulary: Temporal validity refers to the extent to which research findings remain relevant and applicable over time.
The top-down approach assumes that personality is unchanging and that the motivation and behavior of criminals remain consistent. However, this assumption may not hold true in the context of modern crime and evolving criminal behaviors.
Example: While the approach might be effective in profiling a serial killer who follows a specific pattern, it may be less useful in understanding cyber criminals whose methods and motivations can rapidly evolve.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Research has both supported and criticized the organized and disorganized typology central to the top-down approach in Forensic Psychology.
Canter used smallest space analysis, a statistical technique comparing data, to assess the usefulness of the top-down approach:
Highlight: The lack of support for disorganized characteristics undermines the validity of the classification system, as it fails to substantiate half of its core typology.
Problems with the original sample used to develop the approach include:
Example: The narrow focus on American serial killers limits the approach's applicability to crimes in other cultures or to non-serial offenses.
Evaluation points:
Quote: "A weakness of the classification system is that it is too simplistic and cannot categorise all criminals" .
These criticisms highlight the need for ongoing research and refinement in criminal profiling techniques to ensure their relevance and effectiveness in modern law enforcement contexts.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The final page provides a comprehensive evaluation of the approach's strengths and limitations.
Highlight: The approach's validity is questioned due to its small, culturally-specific sample size of 36 US killers.
Example: The limitation of temporal validity is demonstrated by the approach's reliance on outdated personality models that assume unchanging behavior patterns.
Definition: Population validity refers to how well research findings can be generalized to other populations, which is limited in this case due to the small, specific sample used.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The top-down approach to offender profiling is an investigative tool developed by the FBI to predict characteristics of unknown criminals. This American method applies crime scene evidence to pre-existing templates, categorizing offenders as either organized or disorganized based on their behavior and crime scene characteristics.
Definition: Criminal profiling is an investigative and analytical tool used to help investigators accurately predict and profile the characteristics of an unknown criminal.
The approach was developed through in-depth interviews with 36 sexually motivated killers, including notorious criminals like Ted Bundy and Charles Manson. It involves working down from a pre-established typology to assign offenders to one of two categories based on witness accounts and crime scene evidence.
Highlight: The top-down approach categorizes offenders as either organized or disorganized, each with distinct characteristics.
Characteristics of an organized offender include:
Characteristics of a disorganized offender include:
Example: An organized offender might meticulously plan a kidnapping, leaving no traces at the crime scene, while a disorganized offender might act on impulse, leaving behind fingerprints and other evidence.
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user