Celica je osnovna enota življenja - vse živo na Zemlji... Show more
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Updated Mar 16, 2026
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Osnovna zgradba celice
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Osnove celice
Celica je najmanjša enota, ki lahko samostojno živi. V naravi obstajata dva osnovna tipa celic, a za nas je pomembnejša evkariontska celica, ki ima pravo jedro z DNK. Take celice imajo rastline, živali, glive in tudi ti!
Vsaka evkariontska celica ima tri glavne dele: celično membrano, citoplazmo in jedro. V citoplazmi se nahajajo organeli - to so "mali organi" celice, ki opravljajo različne naloge.
💡 Dober nasvet: Celico si predstavljaj kot mesto z različnimi zgradbami, ki imajo svoje naloge!
Celična membrana in citoplazma
Celična membrana je tanek ovoj, ki obdaja celico. Deluje kot pameten vratar - odloča, katere snovi lahko vstopijo v celico (hrana, kisik) in katere jo zapustijo (odpadki). Temu rečemo izbirna prepustnost.
Citoplazma je želatinasta snov, ki zapolnjuje notranjost celice. V njej se nahajajo organeli in potekajo pomembne kemijske reakcije za življenje.
🔥 Pozor: Celična membrana ni enaka celični steni! Celično steno imajo rastline in bakterije, živali pa ne!
Organeli - tovarne v celici
Mitohondrij je elektrarna celice, kjer poteka celično dihanje. Tu se iz hrane in kisika sprošča energija za delovanje celice. Več energije kot celica potrebuje, več mitohondrijev ima.
Ribosomi so majhne tovarne beljakovin. Sestavljajo beljakovine po navodilih iz jedra. Endoplazemski retikulum je transportni sistem celice, Golgijev aparat pa je kot pošta - sprejme in zapakira snovi.
Lizosomi so reciklažni centri, ki razgrajujejo odpadke in poškodovane dele celice.
💪 To znaš: Zapomni si, da je mitohondrij kot elektrarna - brez njega ne bi imel energije!
Jedro - možgani celice
Jedro je kontrolni center celice, kjer se nahaja DNK (dedni material). DNK nosi navodila za izdelavo vseh beljakovin in s tem za vse tvoje lastnosti. Jedro nadzoruje vse dejavnosti v celici.
Jedro obdaja jedrna ovojnica s porami, skozi katere potujejo snovi med jedrom in citoplazmo. Brez jedra celica ne more preživeti.
Primerjava z rastlinsko celico: Obe celici imata jedro, citoplazmo, celično membrano, mitohondrije in ribosome. Razlike se začnejo pri specialnih delih.
🧠 Ključno: Jedro je kot mestna hiša - od tam se sprejemajo vse pomembne odločitve!
Razlike med živalsko in rastlinsko celico
Rastlinska celica ima tri dodatne dele, ki jih živalska nima. Celična stena iz celuloze daje rastlini trdnost in oporo - leži zunaj celične membrane.
Kloroplasti so zeleni organeli, kjer poteka fotosinteza. Vsebujejo klorofil, ki omogoča rastlinam izdelavo hrane iz svetlobe. Velika osrednja vakuola shranjuje vodo, hranila in vzdržuje pritisk v celici.
Pomembno: tudi rastline imajo mitohondrije! Fotosinteza je kot kuhanje hrane, celično dihanje pa kot jedenje - potrebujejo oba procesa.
📝 Za test: Zapomni si tri razlike - celična stena, kloroplasti, velika vakuola!
Hitro ponavljanje
Celica kot mesto: mestno obzidje (celična stena), meja z nadzornimi točkami (celična membrana), mestna hiša (jedro), elektrarne (mitohondriji), tovarne (ribosomi), pošta (Golgijev aparat).
Ključni pojmi za test:
- Celična membrana: vratar z izbirno prepustnostjo
- Jedro: možgani z DNK
- Mitohondrij: elektrarna za energijo
- Tri razlike rastlinske celice: celična stena, kloroplasti, velika vakuola
✅ Uspeh zagotovljen: S to osnovo boš brez težav obvladal test o celici!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in Biologija
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Osnovna zgradba celice
Celica je osnovna enota življenja - vse živo na Zemlji je zgrajeno iz celic! Lahko si jo predstavljaš kot majhno tovarno, kjer se dogajajo vsi življenjski procesi. Razumevanje zgradbe celice ti bo pomagalo razumeti, kako delujejo vsi organizmi, od bakterij... Show more
Osnove celice
Celica je najmanjša enota, ki lahko samostojno živi. V naravi obstajata dva osnovna tipa celic, a za nas je pomembnejša evkariontska celica, ki ima pravo jedro z DNK. Take celice imajo rastline, živali, glive in tudi ti!
Vsaka evkariontska celica ima tri glavne dele: celično membrano, citoplazmo in jedro. V citoplazmi se nahajajo organeli - to so "mali organi" celice, ki opravljajo različne naloge.
💡 Dober nasvet: Celico si predstavljaj kot mesto z različnimi zgradbami, ki imajo svoje naloge!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
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Celična membrana in citoplazma
Celična membrana je tanek ovoj, ki obdaja celico. Deluje kot pameten vratar - odloča, katere snovi lahko vstopijo v celico (hrana, kisik) in katere jo zapustijo (odpadki). Temu rečemo izbirna prepustnost.
Citoplazma je želatinasta snov, ki zapolnjuje notranjost celice. V njej se nahajajo organeli in potekajo pomembne kemijske reakcije za življenje.
🔥 Pozor: Celična membrana ni enaka celični steni! Celično steno imajo rastline in bakterije, živali pa ne!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Organeli - tovarne v celici
Mitohondrij je elektrarna celice, kjer poteka celično dihanje. Tu se iz hrane in kisika sprošča energija za delovanje celice. Več energije kot celica potrebuje, več mitohondrijev ima.
Ribosomi so majhne tovarne beljakovin. Sestavljajo beljakovine po navodilih iz jedra. Endoplazemski retikulum je transportni sistem celice, Golgijev aparat pa je kot pošta - sprejme in zapakira snovi.
Lizosomi so reciklažni centri, ki razgrajujejo odpadke in poškodovane dele celice.
💪 To znaš: Zapomni si, da je mitohondrij kot elektrarna - brez njega ne bi imel energije!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
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Jedro - možgani celice
Jedro je kontrolni center celice, kjer se nahaja DNK (dedni material). DNK nosi navodila za izdelavo vseh beljakovin in s tem za vse tvoje lastnosti. Jedro nadzoruje vse dejavnosti v celici.
Jedro obdaja jedrna ovojnica s porami, skozi katere potujejo snovi med jedrom in citoplazmo. Brez jedra celica ne more preživeti.
Primerjava z rastlinsko celico: Obe celici imata jedro, citoplazmo, celično membrano, mitohondrije in ribosome. Razlike se začnejo pri specialnih delih.
🧠 Ključno: Jedro je kot mestna hiša - od tam se sprejemajo vse pomembne odločitve!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Razlike med živalsko in rastlinsko celico
Rastlinska celica ima tri dodatne dele, ki jih živalska nima. Celična stena iz celuloze daje rastlini trdnost in oporo - leži zunaj celične membrane.
Kloroplasti so zeleni organeli, kjer poteka fotosinteza. Vsebujejo klorofil, ki omogoča rastlinam izdelavo hrane iz svetlobe. Velika osrednja vakuola shranjuje vodo, hranila in vzdržuje pritisk v celici.
Pomembno: tudi rastline imajo mitohondrije! Fotosinteza je kot kuhanje hrane, celično dihanje pa kot jedenje - potrebujejo oba procesa.
📝 Za test: Zapomni si tri razlike - celična stena, kloroplasti, velika vakuola!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Hitro ponavljanje
Celica kot mesto: mestno obzidje (celična stena), meja z nadzornimi točkami (celična membrana), mestna hiša (jedro), elektrarne (mitohondriji), tovarne (ribosomi), pošta (Golgijev aparat).
Ključni pojmi za test:
- Celična membrana: vratar z izbirno prepustnostjo
- Jedro: možgani z DNK
- Mitohondrij: elektrarna za energijo
- Tri razlike rastlinske celice: celična stena, kloroplasti, velika vakuola
✅ Uspeh zagotovljen: S to osnovo boš brez težav obvladal test o celici!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Most popular content in Biologija
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Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user