Cell Structure Essentials
Think of cells like tiny factories - each part has a specific job that keeps everything running smoothly. The cell membrane acts like a bouncer at a club, deciding what gets in and what stays out of the cell.
At the heart of every cell sits the nucleus, which is basically the cell's control centre containing all the DNA instructions. Meanwhile, the mitochondria are like power stations scattered throughout the jelly-like cytoplasm, releasing energy from glucose to fuel the cell's activities.
The ribosomes work as protein-making machines, whilst the cytoplasm provides the perfect environment for chemical reactions to happen. Plant cells get some exclusive extras: chloroplasts in green parts capture sunlight for photosynthesis, a permanent vacuole keeps the cell firm with cell sap, and a tough cell wall made of cellulose provides extra strength.
Quick tip: Remember that only plant cells have chloroplasts, a permanent vacuole, and a cell wall - these are the key differences you'll need to know for your exams!