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Understanding Sociological Theories of Crime: A Student's Guide

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Demetra

3/25/2023

Criminology

AC2.3 Sociological Theories of Crime- Functionalism

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Understanding Sociological Theories of Crime: A Student's Guide

Sociological theories of crime and their evaluation through functionalist and strain theory perspectives form the foundation of understanding criminal behavior in society. This comprehensive overview explores key theories from Emile Durkheim, Robert Merton, and Albert Cohen.

  • Functionalist sociologists view crime as an inevitable and sometimes functional part of society
  • Merton's strain theory explains how social inequality leads to different adaptations to societal pressure
  • Status frustration theory by Cohen addresses non-monetary crimes and subcultures
  • These theories collectively provide a framework for understanding both utilitarian and non-utilitarian crime
  • The perspectives consider both individual and societal factors in criminal behavior
...

3/25/2023

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<h2 id="functionalisttheoryofcrime">Functionalist Theory of Crime</h2> <p>The theory of Functionalism originated in the 19th century throug

View

Page 2: Evaluation and Strain Theory

This page covers the evaluation of Durkheim's theory and introduces theories of crime in criminology through Merton's strain theory.

Definition: Strain theory recognizes that society doesn't offer equal opportunities to all members, creating tension between social goals and available opportunities.

Merton's five adaptations to strain are detailed:

  • Conformity
  • Innovation
  • Ritualism
  • Retreatism
  • Rebellion

Example: Drug dealers represent innovation by accepting society's goals but using disapproved means to achieve them.

Highlight: The theory explains why working-class crime rates tend to be higher due to limited legitimate opportunities.

<h2 id="functionalisttheoryofcrime">Functionalist Theory of Crime</h2> <p>The theory of Functionalism originated in the 19th century throug

View

Page 3: Status Frustration Theory

The final page explores status frustration theory criminology developed by Albert Cohen, focusing on non-utilitarian crimes.

Definition: Status frustration occurs when individuals cannot achieve society's goals through legitimate means, leading them to seek alternative ways to gain status.

Highlight: Cohen's theory specifically addresses crimes that don't have monetary value, expanding on Merton's work.

Example: Subcultures develop their own norms and values distinct from wider society, providing alternative means of gaining status.

The theory's strengths include its ability to explain non-utilitarian crimes and the formation of criminal subcultures.

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Subjects

Criminology

Social Justice

Social Justice

Social Justice

 

Criminology

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3 pages

Understanding Sociological Theories of Crime: A Student's Guide

user profile picture

Demetra

@demetra_21

Sociological theories of crime and their evaluation through functionalist and strain theory perspectives form the foundation of understanding criminal behavior in society. This comprehensive overview explores key theories from Emile Durkheim, Robert Merton, and Albert Cohen.

  • Functionalist sociologistsview... Show more

<h2 id="functionalisttheoryofcrime">Functionalist Theory of Crime</h2> <p>The theory of Functionalism originated in the 19th century throug

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Page 2: Evaluation and Strain Theory

This page covers the evaluation of Durkheim's theory and introduces theories of crime in criminology through Merton's strain theory.

Definition: Strain theory recognizes that society doesn't offer equal opportunities to all members, creating tension between social goals and available opportunities.

Merton's five adaptations to strain are detailed:

  • Conformity
  • Innovation
  • Ritualism
  • Retreatism
  • Rebellion

Example: Drug dealers represent innovation by accepting society's goals but using disapproved means to achieve them.

Highlight: The theory explains why working-class crime rates tend to be higher due to limited legitimate opportunities.

<h2 id="functionalisttheoryofcrime">Functionalist Theory of Crime</h2> <p>The theory of Functionalism originated in the 19th century throug

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

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Page 3: Status Frustration Theory

The final page explores status frustration theory criminology developed by Albert Cohen, focusing on non-utilitarian crimes.

Definition: Status frustration occurs when individuals cannot achieve society's goals through legitimate means, leading them to seek alternative ways to gain status.

Highlight: Cohen's theory specifically addresses crimes that don't have monetary value, expanding on Merton's work.

Example: Subcultures develop their own norms and values distinct from wider society, providing alternative means of gaining status.

The theory's strengths include its ability to explain non-utilitarian crimes and the formation of criminal subcultures.

<h2 id="functionalisttheoryofcrime">Functionalist Theory of Crime</h2> <p>The theory of Functionalism originated in the 19th century throug

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

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Page 1: Functionalism and Durkheim's Theory

The first page introduces functionalism theory in sociology through Durkheim's perspective. Emile Durkheim's theory explains how social order is maintained through shared norms and values.

Definition: Functionalism views society as a stable structure where every part has a specific purpose, similar to organs in a body.

Example: Just as the human body has mechanisms to fight disease, society has institutions like police to deal with crime.

Highlight: Durkheim argued that crime is functional, normal, and inevitable in society, only becoming problematic when levels are too high or too low.

The organic analogy is presented to explain how society functions:

Quote: "Crime performs the function of social regulation by reaffirming the boundaries of acceptable behaviour."

Vocabulary: Anomie - A state where shared norms become weakened, leading to deviant behavior.

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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

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This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

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Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

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I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️

Thomas R

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Brad T

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Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

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In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend

Aubrey

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Marco B

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Elisha

iOS user

This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!

Paul T

iOS user