- Sociological theories of crime focus on understanding why people deviate from societal norms
- Emile Durkheim's functionalist theory views society as a stable structure based on shared norms and values
- Functionalism compares society to the human body, where every part has a function to keep society functioning
- Merton's strain theory explains how conflict between social goals and opportunities can lead to deviant behavior
- Albert Cohen's status frustration theory explores how people use alternative means to gain status when unable to achieve society's goals
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