Blood Type Compatibility
Blood transfusions can be lifesaving, but only if the blood types are compatible. The presence or absence of A and B antigens determines your blood type. Type O has neither antigen, while type AB has both.
The compatibility rules are crucial to remember. Type A blood can donate to types A and AB, but can only receive from types A and O. Type B follows similar rules, donating to types B and AB, while accepting only B and O. Type AB is the "universal recipient" that can accept any blood type but can only donate to other AB recipients.
Type O is considered the "universal donor" because it can donate to all blood types (A, B, AB, and O). However, people with type O blood can only receive type O blood themselves. This makes type O blood especially valuable in emergency situations when there's no time to check a patient's blood type.
Did you know? Besides the ABO system, another factor called the Rh factor (positive or negative) also affects compatibility. A positive Rh factor is much more common than negative, which is why hospitals are always especially grateful for donations from people with negative blood types!
Understanding blood type compatibility can help you appreciate why blood donations are so important. With only about 8% of the population having type O negative blood (universal donor), every donation matters.