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Updated Apr 17, 2026
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Razlika med Prokariontskimi in Evkariontskimi Celicami
1 / 6
Osnove prokariontskih in evkariontskih celic
Že ime pove vse - prokariontska celica (pred jedrom) nima pravega jedra, medtem ko evkariontska celica (pravo jedro) ima pravo celično jedro z ovojnico. To je osnovna razdelitev vseh celic na Zemlji.
Prokariontske celice so enostavnejše - dedni material (DNK) prosto plava po citoplazmi v območju, ki mu rečemo nukleoid. Nimajo z membrano obdanih organelov, so manjše in se hitro delijo.
Evkariontske celice so večje in kompleksnejše. Njihov dedni material je varno shranjen v celičnem jedru, obdanem z dvojno membrano. Imajo tudi številne organele - to so kot "mali organi" celice, vsak s svojo nalogo.
Zapomniti si: Če ima celica jedro z membrano → evkariont. Če nima → prokariont. To je ključna razlika!
Primerjava lastnosti obeh tipov celic
Velikost takoj pove zgodbo - prokariontske celice so drobcene , evkariontske pa kar 10-krat večje. Prokariontom zadošča ena sama krožna molekula DNK, ki se prosto giblje po citoplazmi.
Evkarionti imajo DNK organiziran v kromosome - več linearnih molekul DNK, spravljen v jedru. Imajo tudi bogat nabor organelov: mitohondrije za energijo, endoplazmatski retikulum za transport, Golgijev aparat za pakiranje snovi.
Celična stena je pri prokariontih skoraj vedno prisotna in zgrajena iz peptidoglikana. Pri evkariontih jo imajo rastline (celuloza), glive (hitin), živali pa sploh ne.
Delitev prokariontov je preprosta - binarna fisija (preprosto se prerežejo na pol). Evkarionti imajo zapleteno mitozo ali mejozo.
Skupne lastnosti in razlike v praksi
Kljub razlikam imajo vse celice nekaj skupnega - celično membrano, ki nadzoruje, kaj gre noter in ven iz celice. Citoplazma je tekočina, ki zapolni celico, ribosomi pa mesta, kjer nastajajo beljakovine.
Ribosomi so pomembni - prokariontski so manjši, evkariontski večji. Lahko so prosto v citoplazmi ali pa vezani na endoplazmatski retikulum. Ampak pozor - ribosomi NISO organeli, ker nimajo membrane okoli sebe!
Obe vrsti celic imata dedni material (DNK), vendar različno organiziran. To je temelj življenja - navodila za delovanje celice.
Pasti na testih: Nukleoid ni jedro (nima membrane)! Ribosomi niso organeli! Vsi prokarioti so enocelični, evkarionti lahko tudi mnogocelični.
Primeri organizmov v naravi
Prokarionte predstavljajo bakterije - npr. E. coli v našem črevesju ali streptokoki, ki povzročajo angino. Sem spadajo tudi arheje, ki preživijo v ekstremnih razmerah (vroči vrelci, slana jezera).
Evkarionti so razdeljeni v več skupin. Protisti so enocelični evkarionti (ameba, paramecij), glive imajo celično steno iz hitina (kvasovke, gobe). Rastline imajo kloroplaste za fotosintezo in celično steno iz celuloze.
Živalske celice (tudi naše) nimajo celične stene, imajo pa številne organele. Mišične celice, živčne celice, kožne celice - vse so evkariontske.
Zapomni si sestavo celičnih sten: bakterije → peptidoglikan, rastline → celuloza, glive → hitin, živali → brez celične stene!
Hiter pregled za ponavljanje
Prokariontske celice so kot garsonjera - vse v enem prostoru. BREZ jedra, DNK prosto v nukleoidu, BREZ membranskih organelov. Manjše, enostavnejše, samo enocelični organizmi. Primer: bakterije.
Evkariontske celice so kot hiša z več sobami - vsak organel ima svojo funkcijo. IMAJO jedro z membrano, DNK v kromosomih, IMAJO organele (mitohondrije, ER, Golgi...). Večje, kompleksnejše, lahko mnogocelične. Primeri: rastline, živali, glive, protisti.
Skupne lastnosti: celična membrana, citoplazma, ribosomi, DNK. To je temelj vseh celic ne glede na tip.
Za test: Glavna razlika je prisotnost/odsotnost pravega jedra z membrano. Vse ostalo izhaja iz te osnovne razlike!
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Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Razlika med Prokariontskimi in Evkariontskimi Celicami
Celice so kot hiše - nekatere so kot garsonjere (vse v enem prostoru), druge pa kot prave hiše z ločenimi sobami. Poznavanje te razlike ti bo pomagalo razumeti celotno biologijo, od bakterij do človeških celic.
Osnove prokariontskih in evkariontskih celic
Že ime pove vse - prokariontska celica (pred jedrom) nima pravega jedra, medtem ko evkariontska celica (pravo jedro) ima pravo celično jedro z ovojnico. To je osnovna razdelitev vseh celic na Zemlji.
Prokariontske celice so enostavnejše - dedni material (DNK) prosto plava po citoplazmi v območju, ki mu rečemo nukleoid. Nimajo z membrano obdanih organelov, so manjše in se hitro delijo.
Evkariontske celice so večje in kompleksnejše. Njihov dedni material je varno shranjen v celičnem jedru, obdanem z dvojno membrano. Imajo tudi številne organele - to so kot "mali organi" celice, vsak s svojo nalogo.
Zapomniti si: Če ima celica jedro z membrano → evkariont. Če nima → prokariont. To je ključna razlika!
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Primerjava lastnosti obeh tipov celic
Velikost takoj pove zgodbo - prokariontske celice so drobcene , evkariontske pa kar 10-krat večje. Prokariontom zadošča ena sama krožna molekula DNK, ki se prosto giblje po citoplazmi.
Evkarionti imajo DNK organiziran v kromosome - več linearnih molekul DNK, spravljen v jedru. Imajo tudi bogat nabor organelov: mitohondrije za energijo, endoplazmatski retikulum za transport, Golgijev aparat za pakiranje snovi.
Celična stena je pri prokariontih skoraj vedno prisotna in zgrajena iz peptidoglikana. Pri evkariontih jo imajo rastline (celuloza), glive (hitin), živali pa sploh ne.
Delitev prokariontov je preprosta - binarna fisija (preprosto se prerežejo na pol). Evkarionti imajo zapleteno mitozo ali mejozo.
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Skupne lastnosti in razlike v praksi
Kljub razlikam imajo vse celice nekaj skupnega - celično membrano, ki nadzoruje, kaj gre noter in ven iz celice. Citoplazma je tekočina, ki zapolni celico, ribosomi pa mesta, kjer nastajajo beljakovine.
Ribosomi so pomembni - prokariontski so manjši, evkariontski večji. Lahko so prosto v citoplazmi ali pa vezani na endoplazmatski retikulum. Ampak pozor - ribosomi NISO organeli, ker nimajo membrane okoli sebe!
Obe vrsti celic imata dedni material (DNK), vendar različno organiziran. To je temelj življenja - navodila za delovanje celice.
Pasti na testih: Nukleoid ni jedro (nima membrane)! Ribosomi niso organeli! Vsi prokarioti so enocelični, evkarionti lahko tudi mnogocelični.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Primeri organizmov v naravi
Prokarionte predstavljajo bakterije - npr. E. coli v našem črevesju ali streptokoki, ki povzročajo angino. Sem spadajo tudi arheje, ki preživijo v ekstremnih razmerah (vroči vrelci, slana jezera).
Evkarionti so razdeljeni v več skupin. Protisti so enocelični evkarionti (ameba, paramecij), glive imajo celično steno iz hitina (kvasovke, gobe). Rastline imajo kloroplaste za fotosintezo in celično steno iz celuloze.
Živalske celice (tudi naše) nimajo celične stene, imajo pa številne organele. Mišične celice, živčne celice, kožne celice - vse so evkariontske.
Zapomni si sestavo celičnih sten: bakterije → peptidoglikan, rastline → celuloza, glive → hitin, živali → brez celične stene!
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Hiter pregled za ponavljanje
Prokariontske celice so kot garsonjera - vse v enem prostoru. BREZ jedra, DNK prosto v nukleoidu, BREZ membranskih organelov. Manjše, enostavnejše, samo enocelični organizmi. Primer: bakterije.
Evkariontske celice so kot hiša z več sobami - vsak organel ima svojo funkcijo. IMAJO jedro z membrano, DNK v kromosomih, IMAJO organele (mitohondrije, ER, Golgi...). Večje, kompleksnejše, lahko mnogocelične. Primeri: rastline, živali, glive, protisti.
Skupne lastnosti: celična membrana, citoplazma, ribosomi, DNK. To je temelj vseh celic ne glede na tip.
Za test: Glavna razlika je prisotnost/odsotnost pravega jedra z membrano. Vse ostalo izhaja iz te osnovne razlike!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
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We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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4.6/5
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4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user