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Updated Mar 27, 2026
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Vse o kamninah in mineralih: vrste, nastanek in uporaba
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Osnove kamnin in mineralov
Predstavljaj si mineral kot čisto snov s popolnoma določeno kemijsko sestavo - kot sol v tvoji kuhinji. Kamnina pa je mešanica različnih mineralov, podobno kot bi bilo pecivo narejeno iz več sestavin.
Petrologija je veda, ki proučuje te kamnine. Ključna je tudi razlika med magmo (staljena kamnina pod zemljo) in lavo (ista snov, ko priteče na površje pri vulkanskem izbruhu).
Zapomni si: Mineral = ena čista snov, kamnina = zmes več mineralov. To je osnovna razlika, ki jo moraš obvladati za test!
Magmatske kamnine - rjeni iz ognja
Magmatske kamnine nastanejo, ko se magma ali lava ohladi in strdi. Velikost kristalov ti pove zgodbo njihovega nastanka!
Globočnine se oblikujejo globoko pod zemljo, kjer se magma počasi ohlaja. To omogoča rast velikih, vidnih kristalov. Najboljši primer je granit s Pohorja - vidiš ga na ljubljanskih tlakovcih in nagrobnikih.
Predornine nastanejo na površju, kjer se lava hitro ohladi. Kristali so drobni ali jih sploh ni. Bazalt je temna, gosta kamnina, plovec pa tako lahek, da plava na vodi zaradi ujete razpline.
Nasvet: Hitrost ohlajanja = velikost kristalov. Počasno = veliki, hitro = majhni!
Sedimentne kamnine - zgodbe iz preteklosti
Te kamnine so kot zgodovinske knjige - nastanejo v plasteh na Zemljinem površju. Proces poteka v štirih korakih: preperevanje (razpadanje kamnin), erozija (odnašanje delcev), usedanje in diageneza (stiskanje v trdno kamnino).
Klastične kamnine so sestavljene iz delcev drugih kamnin. Konglomerat je kot sprijet rečni prod, peščenjak iz zrn peska, glinavec iz glinenih delcev.
Kemijske kamnine nastanejo z izločanjem iz vode. Lehnjak lahko vidiš ob slapovih na Krki, kamena sol pa nastane z izhlapljevanjem slanih jezer.
Organogene kamnine so ostanki živih bitij. Apnenec je v Sloveniji superstar - iz lupin in skeletov morskih živali je nastal ves Kras s svojimi jamami!
Zanimivost: Postojnska jama je nastala zato, ker voda raztaplja apnenec!
Metamorfne kamnine - preoblikovanje pod pritiskom
Metamorfne kamnine nastanejo, ko obstoječe kamnine "prekuhamo" z visokimi temperaturami in pritiski globoko v zemlji. Pomembno: kamnina se ne stali, le preoblikuje!
Marmor nastane iz apnenca in ga uporabljamo za kipe ter elegantne obloge. Slovenski hotaveljski marmor je svetovno znan. Gnajs se oblikuje iz granita in ima značilne svetle ter temne pasove.
Skrilavec iz glinavca se odlično kolje v tanke plošče - odličen za strešne kritine. Kvarcit iz peščenjaka pa je izjemno trda in odporna kamnina.
Ključno razumevanje: Metamorfoza = preoblikovanje, NE taljenje! Če se kamnina stali, nastane magma.
Kroženje kamnin in praktična uporaba
Kroženje kamnin povezuje vse tri vrste v neskončnem ciklu. Vsaka kamnina se lahko spremeni v katero koli drugo - magmatska lahko prepereva v sediment, sedimentna postane metamorfna, metamorfna se lahko stali v magmo.
V Sloveniji uporabljamo kamnine povsod: apnenec za gradnjo in apno, granit s Pohorja za tlakovanje, marmor za spomenike, glino za opeko. Premog iz Velenja in Trbovelj je bil nekoč naš glavni energetski vir.
Tudi pesek in prod (še nista kamnini, ampak sediment) sta osnova za beton, iz katerega gradimo hiše in ceste.
Praktični nasvet: Poglej okrog sebe - verjetno vidiš vsaj tri različne vrste kamnin že v svoji hiši!
Hitro ponavljanje za test
Za uspešen test si zapomni tri glavne skupine: magmatske , sedimentne in metamorfne .
Kroženje kamnin pomeni, da se vse vrste lahko spreminjajo ena v drugo. Ključni primeri za Slovenijo: apnenec ustvarja Kras z jamami, granit s Pohorja vidimo v mestih, hotaveljski marmor pa v umetniških delih.
Razlika med mineralom (čista snov) in kamnino (zmes mineralov) ter med magmo (pod zemljo) in lavo (na površju) je osnova, ki jo moraš obvladati.
Zaupaj vase: Te koncepte uporabljaš že zdaj - prepoznaš različne kamnine okoli sebe in razumeš, kako nastajajo!
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Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Vse o kamninah in mineralih: vrste, nastanek in uporaba
Vse okrog sebe - od tal, po katerih hodiš, do zidov tvoje hiše - je narejeno iz kamnin in mineralov. Te naravne snovi so osnova celotne Zemljine skorje in jih uporabljamo praktično povsod v vsakdanjem življenju. Razumevanje njihovega nastanka ti... Show more
Osnove kamnin in mineralov
Predstavljaj si mineral kot čisto snov s popolnoma določeno kemijsko sestavo - kot sol v tvoji kuhinji. Kamnina pa je mešanica različnih mineralov, podobno kot bi bilo pecivo narejeno iz več sestavin.
Petrologija je veda, ki proučuje te kamnine. Ključna je tudi razlika med magmo (staljena kamnina pod zemljo) in lavo (ista snov, ko priteče na površje pri vulkanskem izbruhu).
Zapomni si: Mineral = ena čista snov, kamnina = zmes več mineralov. To je osnovna razlika, ki jo moraš obvladati za test!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Magmatske kamnine - rjeni iz ognja
Magmatske kamnine nastanejo, ko se magma ali lava ohladi in strdi. Velikost kristalov ti pove zgodbo njihovega nastanka!
Globočnine se oblikujejo globoko pod zemljo, kjer se magma počasi ohlaja. To omogoča rast velikih, vidnih kristalov. Najboljši primer je granit s Pohorja - vidiš ga na ljubljanskih tlakovcih in nagrobnikih.
Predornine nastanejo na površju, kjer se lava hitro ohladi. Kristali so drobni ali jih sploh ni. Bazalt je temna, gosta kamnina, plovec pa tako lahek, da plava na vodi zaradi ujete razpline.
Nasvet: Hitrost ohlajanja = velikost kristalov. Počasno = veliki, hitro = majhni!
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Sedimentne kamnine - zgodbe iz preteklosti
Te kamnine so kot zgodovinske knjige - nastanejo v plasteh na Zemljinem površju. Proces poteka v štirih korakih: preperevanje (razpadanje kamnin), erozija (odnašanje delcev), usedanje in diageneza (stiskanje v trdno kamnino).
Klastične kamnine so sestavljene iz delcev drugih kamnin. Konglomerat je kot sprijet rečni prod, peščenjak iz zrn peska, glinavec iz glinenih delcev.
Kemijske kamnine nastanejo z izločanjem iz vode. Lehnjak lahko vidiš ob slapovih na Krki, kamena sol pa nastane z izhlapljevanjem slanih jezer.
Organogene kamnine so ostanki živih bitij. Apnenec je v Sloveniji superstar - iz lupin in skeletov morskih živali je nastal ves Kras s svojimi jamami!
Zanimivost: Postojnska jama je nastala zato, ker voda raztaplja apnenec!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Improve your grades
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Metamorfne kamnine - preoblikovanje pod pritiskom
Metamorfne kamnine nastanejo, ko obstoječe kamnine "prekuhamo" z visokimi temperaturami in pritiski globoko v zemlji. Pomembno: kamnina se ne stali, le preoblikuje!
Marmor nastane iz apnenca in ga uporabljamo za kipe ter elegantne obloge. Slovenski hotaveljski marmor je svetovno znan. Gnajs se oblikuje iz granita in ima značilne svetle ter temne pasove.
Skrilavec iz glinavca se odlično kolje v tanke plošče - odličen za strešne kritine. Kvarcit iz peščenjaka pa je izjemno trda in odporna kamnina.
Ključno razumevanje: Metamorfoza = preoblikovanje, NE taljenje! Če se kamnina stali, nastane magma.
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Kroženje kamnin in praktična uporaba
Kroženje kamnin povezuje vse tri vrste v neskončnem ciklu. Vsaka kamnina se lahko spremeni v katero koli drugo - magmatska lahko prepereva v sediment, sedimentna postane metamorfna, metamorfna se lahko stali v magmo.
V Sloveniji uporabljamo kamnine povsod: apnenec za gradnjo in apno, granit s Pohorja za tlakovanje, marmor za spomenike, glino za opeko. Premog iz Velenja in Trbovelj je bil nekoč naš glavni energetski vir.
Tudi pesek in prod (še nista kamnini, ampak sediment) sta osnova za beton, iz katerega gradimo hiše in ceste.
Praktični nasvet: Poglej okrog sebe - verjetno vidiš vsaj tri različne vrste kamnin že v svoji hiši!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Hitro ponavljanje za test
Za uspešen test si zapomni tri glavne skupine: magmatske , sedimentne in metamorfne .
Kroženje kamnin pomeni, da se vse vrste lahko spreminjajo ena v drugo. Ključni primeri za Slovenijo: apnenec ustvarja Kras z jamami, granit s Pohorja vidimo v mestih, hotaveljski marmor pa v umetniških delih.
Razlika med mineralom (čista snov) in kamnino (zmes mineralov) ter med magmo (pod zemljo) in lavo (na površju) je osnova, ki jo moraš obvladati.
Zaupaj vase: Te koncepte uporabljaš že zdaj - prepoznaš različne kamnine okoli sebe in razumeš, kako nastajajo!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user