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Discovering Migrants: How Vikings, Flemish, Walloons, and Jews Came to England

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M

Miles

3/17/2023

History

Reasons for Migration

Discovering Migrants: How Vikings, Flemish, Walloons, and Jews Came to England

Medieval migration to England was driven by various factors, with economic opportunities in England being a primary motivator. The period saw significant movements of people, including Viking settlements in England post-Black Death and Jewish migration to England during Norman rule. These migrations shaped England's demographic, economic, and cultural landscape.

  • Vikings sought fertile land and trading opportunities in eastern England
  • Normans came for political power and economic gains after 1066
  • Jewish migrants were invited for financial expertise
  • Low Countries laborers and weavers came for work and craft opportunities
  • Lombardy bankers arrived to provide financial services
...

3/17/2023

1931

REASONS FOR MIGRATION
ONE-THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
Overarching reasons for migration during the medieval period:
Economic opportunities (trade /

View

Key Migrant Groups in Medieval England

This page examines specific migrant groups that came to England during the medieval period, illustrating the diverse reasons for medieval migration to Britain.

Vikings from865onwardsfrom 865 onwards:

  • Sought economic opportunities in agriculture and trade
  • Settled in eastern England, conquering kingdoms like Northumbria and East Anglia
  • Attracted to trading centers and fertile farmland

Example: York became a major Viking settlement due to its strategic location, fertile soil, and importance as a trade and administrative center.

Normans from1066from 1066:

  • Driven by political ambition, particularly William of Normandy's claim to the throne
  • Attracted by England's prosperous wool trade and taxation system

Jewish migrants from1070from 1070:

  • Invited by William I to provide financial services
  • Able to charge interest on loans, unlike Christians
  • Migrated to growing towns and cities for commercial opportunities

Highlight: William I invited Jewish migrants specifically to help finance the construction of stone castles and cathedrals.

Low Countries laborers 14thcentury14th century:

  • Filled labor shortages caused by the Black Death
  • Found opportunities in farming and skilled crafts in growing towns

Low Countries weavers 13th14thcenturies13th-14th centuries:

  • Invited by kings like Henry III and Edward III to boost the cloth industry
  • Offered guild privileges and access to high-quality English wool

Lombardy bankers:

  • Invited by the king to provide financial services
  • Exploited loopholes in religious restrictions on money lending

Vocabulary: Guilds were associations of craftsmen or merchants that controlled the practice of their craft in a particular town.

REASONS FOR MIGRATION
ONE-THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
Overarching reasons for migration during the medieval period:
Economic opportunities (trade /

View

Early Modern Migration Patterns

This page introduces the changing reasons for migration in the early modern period, setting the stage for new patterns of movement to and from England.

Key factors driving migration in the early modern era:

  • Economic opportunities due to work availability or crop failures
  • Expanding trade networks
  • Growth of the British Empire
  • Religious persecution
  • Forced migration
  • Invitations from local authorities

Important contextual changes:

  • Religious shifts: England's break from the Catholic Church under Henry VIII and transition to Protestantism
  • Political upheaval: The English Civil War and brief period as a republic under Cromwell
  • Return of Jews: Allowed back into England under Cromwell after centuries of exclusion

Highlight: The religious changes in England, particularly the shift to Protestantism, made it a place of refuge for some persecuted religious groups.

Example: After the restoration of the monarchy, the reign of Catholic King James II led to new religious tensions and migration patterns.

REASONS FOR MIGRATION
ONE-THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
Overarching reasons for migration during the medieval period:
Economic opportunities (trade /

View

Economic Opportunities and Migration in Medieval England

This page delves deeper into how economic opportunities and migration shaped medieval English history, particularly focusing on the wool trade and financial services.

The wool trade as a driver of migration:

  • Attracted Norman landowners after the conquest
  • Drew skilled weavers from the Low Countries in the 13th and 14th centuries
  • Created demand for labor, especially after the Black Death

Financial services and migration:

  • Jewish moneylenders invited by William I in 1070
  • Lombardy bankers arrived to fill financial needs as towns grew
  • Both groups exploited their ability to charge interest on loans

Quote: "Henry III was the first to invite weavers to work in 1270; if they wove high-quality cloth in England itself, he could make money off the exports!"

Highlight: The Black Death 1348511348-51 created labor shortages that attracted migrants, particularly from the Low Countries, to fill roles in farming and skilled crafts.

Example: Edward III encouraged Flemish weavers to migrate by allowing them to set up their own guilds and temporarily banning English wool exports.

REASONS FOR MIGRATION
ONE-THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
Overarching reasons for migration during the medieval period:
Economic opportunities (trade /

View

Jewish Migration to Medieval England

This page focuses on the history of Jewish migration to Britain during the medieval period, exploring their unique role in English society and economy.

Key points about Jewish migration to England:

  • Invited by William I in 1070 to provide financial services
  • Initially came from Rouen, France, followed by others
  • Settled in growing towns and cities across England
  • Played a crucial role in financing royal projects and urban development

Reasons for Jewish migration:

  • Economic opportunities in moneylending
  • Royal invitation and protection
  • Growing urban centers created demand for their services

Highlight: Jews were able to fill a crucial economic niche in medieval England due to religious restrictions on Christians charging interest on loans.

Example: William I needed to borrow money to build stone castles and cathedrals, which led to his invitation to Jewish moneylenders.

Vocabulary: Usury refers to the practice of lending money at unreasonably high rates of interest, which was forbidden to Christians but allowed for Jews in medieval Europe.

REASONS FOR MIGRATION
ONE-THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
Overarching reasons for migration during the medieval period:
Economic opportunities (trade /

View

The Impact of Religious and Political Changes on Migration

This page examines how religious and political shifts in England during the late medieval and early modern periods affected migration patterns.

Key religious changes:

  • England's break from the Catholic Church under Henry VIII c.1534c. 1534
  • Establishment of Protestantism under Elizabeth I from1558from 1558
  • Brief return to Catholicism under Mary I 155315581553-1558

Political upheavals:

  • English Civil War 164216491642-1649
  • Period as a republic under Cromwell 164916601649-1660
  • Restoration of the monarchy 16601660

Impact on migration:

  • England became a refuge for Protestant migrants fleeing persecution
  • Jews were allowed to return under Cromwell after centuries of exclusion
  • Catholic rule under James II 168516881685-1688 led to new tensions and migration patterns

Highlight: The religious changes in England transformed it from a Catholic country to a Protestant one, significantly altering its relationship with the rest of Europe and affecting migration patterns.

Example: Cromwell's decision to allow Jews to return to England in the 1650s ended nearly 400 years of official exclusion, opening new possibilities for Jewish migration.

Vocabulary: The term "break from Rome" refers to the process by which the Church of England separated from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church.

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History

1,931

Mar 17, 2023

6 pages

Discovering Migrants: How Vikings, Flemish, Walloons, and Jews Came to England

M

Miles

@slash_emmjay

Medieval migration to England was driven by various factors, with economic opportunities in England being a primary motivator. The period saw significant movements of people, including Viking settlements in England post-Black Death and Jewish migration to England during Norman rule... Show more

REASONS FOR MIGRATION
ONE-THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
Overarching reasons for migration during the medieval period:
Economic opportunities (trade /

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

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Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Key Migrant Groups in Medieval England

This page examines specific migrant groups that came to England during the medieval period, illustrating the diverse reasons for medieval migration to Britain.

Vikings from865onwardsfrom 865 onwards:

  • Sought economic opportunities in agriculture and trade
  • Settled in eastern England, conquering kingdoms like Northumbria and East Anglia
  • Attracted to trading centers and fertile farmland

Example: York became a major Viking settlement due to its strategic location, fertile soil, and importance as a trade and administrative center.

Normans from1066from 1066:

  • Driven by political ambition, particularly William of Normandy's claim to the throne
  • Attracted by England's prosperous wool trade and taxation system

Jewish migrants from1070from 1070:

  • Invited by William I to provide financial services
  • Able to charge interest on loans, unlike Christians
  • Migrated to growing towns and cities for commercial opportunities

Highlight: William I invited Jewish migrants specifically to help finance the construction of stone castles and cathedrals.

Low Countries laborers 14thcentury14th century:

  • Filled labor shortages caused by the Black Death
  • Found opportunities in farming and skilled crafts in growing towns

Low Countries weavers 13th14thcenturies13th-14th centuries:

  • Invited by kings like Henry III and Edward III to boost the cloth industry
  • Offered guild privileges and access to high-quality English wool

Lombardy bankers:

  • Invited by the king to provide financial services
  • Exploited loopholes in religious restrictions on money lending

Vocabulary: Guilds were associations of craftsmen or merchants that controlled the practice of their craft in a particular town.

REASONS FOR MIGRATION
ONE-THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
Overarching reasons for migration during the medieval period:
Economic opportunities (trade /

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Early Modern Migration Patterns

This page introduces the changing reasons for migration in the early modern period, setting the stage for new patterns of movement to and from England.

Key factors driving migration in the early modern era:

  • Economic opportunities due to work availability or crop failures
  • Expanding trade networks
  • Growth of the British Empire
  • Religious persecution
  • Forced migration
  • Invitations from local authorities

Important contextual changes:

  • Religious shifts: England's break from the Catholic Church under Henry VIII and transition to Protestantism
  • Political upheaval: The English Civil War and brief period as a republic under Cromwell
  • Return of Jews: Allowed back into England under Cromwell after centuries of exclusion

Highlight: The religious changes in England, particularly the shift to Protestantism, made it a place of refuge for some persecuted religious groups.

Example: After the restoration of the monarchy, the reign of Catholic King James II led to new religious tensions and migration patterns.

REASONS FOR MIGRATION
ONE-THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
Overarching reasons for migration during the medieval period:
Economic opportunities (trade /

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Economic Opportunities and Migration in Medieval England

This page delves deeper into how economic opportunities and migration shaped medieval English history, particularly focusing on the wool trade and financial services.

The wool trade as a driver of migration:

  • Attracted Norman landowners after the conquest
  • Drew skilled weavers from the Low Countries in the 13th and 14th centuries
  • Created demand for labor, especially after the Black Death

Financial services and migration:

  • Jewish moneylenders invited by William I in 1070
  • Lombardy bankers arrived to fill financial needs as towns grew
  • Both groups exploited their ability to charge interest on loans

Quote: "Henry III was the first to invite weavers to work in 1270; if they wove high-quality cloth in England itself, he could make money off the exports!"

Highlight: The Black Death 1348511348-51 created labor shortages that attracted migrants, particularly from the Low Countries, to fill roles in farming and skilled crafts.

Example: Edward III encouraged Flemish weavers to migrate by allowing them to set up their own guilds and temporarily banning English wool exports.

REASONS FOR MIGRATION
ONE-THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
Overarching reasons for migration during the medieval period:
Economic opportunities (trade /

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Jewish Migration to Medieval England

This page focuses on the history of Jewish migration to Britain during the medieval period, exploring their unique role in English society and economy.

Key points about Jewish migration to England:

  • Invited by William I in 1070 to provide financial services
  • Initially came from Rouen, France, followed by others
  • Settled in growing towns and cities across England
  • Played a crucial role in financing royal projects and urban development

Reasons for Jewish migration:

  • Economic opportunities in moneylending
  • Royal invitation and protection
  • Growing urban centers created demand for their services

Highlight: Jews were able to fill a crucial economic niche in medieval England due to religious restrictions on Christians charging interest on loans.

Example: William I needed to borrow money to build stone castles and cathedrals, which led to his invitation to Jewish moneylenders.

Vocabulary: Usury refers to the practice of lending money at unreasonably high rates of interest, which was forbidden to Christians but allowed for Jews in medieval Europe.

REASONS FOR MIGRATION
ONE-THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
Overarching reasons for migration during the medieval period:
Economic opportunities (trade /

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

The Impact of Religious and Political Changes on Migration

This page examines how religious and political shifts in England during the late medieval and early modern periods affected migration patterns.

Key religious changes:

  • England's break from the Catholic Church under Henry VIII c.1534c. 1534
  • Establishment of Protestantism under Elizabeth I from1558from 1558
  • Brief return to Catholicism under Mary I 155315581553-1558

Political upheavals:

  • English Civil War 164216491642-1649
  • Period as a republic under Cromwell 164916601649-1660
  • Restoration of the monarchy 16601660

Impact on migration:

  • England became a refuge for Protestant migrants fleeing persecution
  • Jews were allowed to return under Cromwell after centuries of exclusion
  • Catholic rule under James II 168516881685-1688 led to new tensions and migration patterns

Highlight: The religious changes in England transformed it from a Catholic country to a Protestant one, significantly altering its relationship with the rest of Europe and affecting migration patterns.

Example: Cromwell's decision to allow Jews to return to England in the 1650s ended nearly 400 years of official exclusion, opening new possibilities for Jewish migration.

Vocabulary: The term "break from Rome" refers to the process by which the Church of England separated from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church.

REASONS FOR MIGRATION
ONE-THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
Overarching reasons for migration during the medieval period:
Economic opportunities (trade /

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Reasons for Migration in the Medieval Period

This page outlines the key factors driving migration to England during the medieval era, providing essential context for understanding medieval migration to Britain.

The main reasons for migration included:

  • Economic opportunities in trade, agriculture, jobs, weaving, and money lending
  • Political ambitions
  • Royal invitations, often related to financial needs
  • England's position as part of Christendom

Important contextual factors:

  • Norman conquest led to changes in land ownership and town growth
  • The wool industry attracted migrants like Norman nobles and Low Countries weavers
  • Labor shortages after the Black Death created opportunities for Low Countries workers
  • Monarchs invited Jewish and Lombardy bankers to meet financial needs
  • England's Christian identity made it attractive to European migrants

Highlight: The wool trade was a major economic draw for migrants, offering opportunities in agriculture, manufacturing, and finance.

Example: Vikings began invading England in 865, settling in the fertile eastern regions to farm and trade. York became a key settlement due to its strategic location and economic importance.

Definition: Christendom refers to the collective body of Christian states, particularly in medieval Europe.

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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️

Thomas R

iOS user

Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades

Brad T

Android user

Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend

Aubrey

iOS user

Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀

Marco B

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!

Paul T

iOS user