Definition: Conservatism in the 19th century Europe represented resistance to revolutionary change and support for traditional institutions.

Highlight: Metternich viewed liberalism as a dangerous force that threatened social stability and peace.

Example: The Austrian Habsburg Empire's multi-ethnic composition, with 11 different languages and diverse customs, exemplified the challenges of maintaining unity under conservative rule.

Quote: "He believed that humans were prone to error and selfish. His ideas were extremely influential during the wars and revolution."

Vocabulary: Anticlericalism - Opposition to religious (particularly Catholic) influence in public life.

Definition: The Holy Alliance was a coalition formed to maintain conservative order and suppress liberal movements.

Highlight: The conservative restoration focused initially on southern Europe to prevent revolutionary spread.

Example: Austria, Russia, and parts of the Ottoman Empire aligned with Metternich's anti-liberal policies.

Quote: "Conservative political ideologies had important practical consequences."

Vocabulary: Holy Alliance - A coalition of conservative European powers formed in 1815.

Definition: The European Balance of Power refers to the diplomatic system where no single European power could dominate the continent.

Highlight: The First Treaty of Paris demonstrated remarkable leniency toward France, allowing them to retain their 1792 boundaries.

Example: The territorial reorganization included British colonial gains, Austrian concessions to Belgium, and German expansion into Italy.

Quote: "The alliance made sure to be kind to France & not make them pay for reparations in order to prevent riots."

Vocabulary: Reparations - Compensation payments demanded from a defeated nation.