Trenje je ena najpomembnejših sil v našem vsakdanjem življenju -... Show more
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Updated Apr 1, 2026
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Razumevanje sile trenja
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Uvod v trenje in osnovni pojmi
Verjetno se ti je že zgodilo, da si poskušal potisniti težko omaro in ni šla z mesta, ne? To je trenje pri delu! Gre za silo, ki nastane med dvema ploskvama in vedno nasprotuje gibanju ali poskusu gibanja.
Sila trenja (Ftr) deluje v nasprotni smeri gibanja in se meri v newtonih (N). Normalna sila (Fn) je pritisk, s katerim podlaga deluje na telo - na ravni površini je enaka teži predmeta. Koeficient trenja (ktr) pa pove, kako hrapavi sta stični ploskvi in nima enote.
Zapomni si: Večji koeficient trenja pomeni večje trenje - guma na asfaltu ima velik koeficient, led na jeklu pa majhnega.
Poznamo lepenje (statično trenje), ko telo miruje in se upira premikanju, ter drsenje (kinetično trenje), ko se telo že giblje. Lepenje je običajno močnejše od drsenja.
Kako nastane trenje in od česa je odvisno
Tudi najgladkejše površine so na mikroskopski ravni polne drobnih izbklin in vdolbin. Ko pritisnemo dve ploskvi skupaj, se te neravnine zatikajo med seboj - zato potrebujemo silo za premikanje.
Sila trenja je odvisna od dveh stvari: od koeficienta trenja (kakšne snovi se drgnjejo) in od normalne sile (kako močno se ploskvi pritiskajo). Preseneti te lahko, da velikost stične ploskve sploh ni pomembna!
To pomeni, da imata široka in ozka smučka enako trenje, če je smučar enako težak. Tudi hitrost pri naših izračunih ne vpliva na trenje.
Formula za trenje: Ftr = ktr × Fn
Če hočeš zmanjšati trenje, uporabi maziva ali poliranje. Za povečanje pa poskusi z bolj hrapavimi materiali ali posipaj pesek na spolzko pot.
Praktični primeri računanja
Predstavljaj si, da potiskaš 50 kg težko omaro po tleh s koeficientom trenja 0,3. Najprej izračunaš normalno silo: Fn = m × g = 50 kg × 10 N/kg = 500 N.
Nato uporabiš formulo: Ftr = ktr × Fn = 0,3 × 500 N = 150 N. To pomeni, da moraš potisniti z najmanj 150 N, da se omara začne premikati.
Pri smučarju z maso 80 kg na snegu (koeficient 0,05) je postopek podoben. Normalna sila je 800 N, sila trenja pa samo 40 N - zato se na smučeh tako lepo drsi!
Pozor na napako: Maso vedno najprej pretvori v težo z množenjem z g = 10 N/kg!
Ključno je, da sila trenja vedno deluje v nasprotni smeri gibanja. Če potiskaš v desno, trenje deluje v levo.
Koristno in škodljivo trenje
Trenje ni vedno slabo! Koristno trenje omogoča hojo, zaviranje avtomobilov, držanje predmetov in vžig vžigalic. Brez njega bi bil svet precej nevarnejša in bolj spolzka stvar.
Škodljivo trenje pa povzroča obrabo strojnih delov, zračni upor pri vožnji in izgubljanje energije v obliki toplote. Zato inženirji stalno iščejo načine za zmanjšanje nepotrebnega trenja.
Za zmanjšanje trenja uporabljamo maziva (olje, mast), poliramo površine ali vgrajujemo kroglične ležaje. Za povečanje pa izberemo hrapavejše materiale, kot so zavorne ploščice, ali posipamo pesek po poledeneli cesti.
Ključna misel: Trenje je kontaktna sila, ki nasprotuje drsenju in je odvisna od hrapavosti ter pritiska med ploskvami.
Hiter povzetek: Formula Ftr = ktr × Fn, lepenje je močnejše od drsenja, velikost ploskve ne vpliva, trenje lahko koristi ali škodi.
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in Fizika
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
Razumevanje sile trenja
Trenje je ena najpomembnejših sil v našem vsakdanjem življenju - brez njega ne bi mogli hoditi, avtomobili se ne bi mogli ustaviti, vozli na vezalkah pa se ne bi držali. Gre za silo, ki se pojavi med ploskvama v stiku... Show more
Uvod v trenje in osnovni pojmi
Verjetno se ti je že zgodilo, da si poskušal potisniti težko omaro in ni šla z mesta, ne? To je trenje pri delu! Gre za silo, ki nastane med dvema ploskvama in vedno nasprotuje gibanju ali poskusu gibanja.
Sila trenja (Ftr) deluje v nasprotni smeri gibanja in se meri v newtonih (N). Normalna sila (Fn) je pritisk, s katerim podlaga deluje na telo - na ravni površini je enaka teži predmeta. Koeficient trenja (ktr) pa pove, kako hrapavi sta stični ploskvi in nima enote.
Zapomni si: Večji koeficient trenja pomeni večje trenje - guma na asfaltu ima velik koeficient, led na jeklu pa majhnega.
Poznamo lepenje (statično trenje), ko telo miruje in se upira premikanju, ter drsenje (kinetično trenje), ko se telo že giblje. Lepenje je običajno močnejše od drsenja.
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Kako nastane trenje in od česa je odvisno
Tudi najgladkejše površine so na mikroskopski ravni polne drobnih izbklin in vdolbin. Ko pritisnemo dve ploskvi skupaj, se te neravnine zatikajo med seboj - zato potrebujemo silo za premikanje.
Sila trenja je odvisna od dveh stvari: od koeficienta trenja (kakšne snovi se drgnjejo) in od normalne sile (kako močno se ploskvi pritiskajo). Preseneti te lahko, da velikost stične ploskve sploh ni pomembna!
To pomeni, da imata široka in ozka smučka enako trenje, če je smučar enako težak. Tudi hitrost pri naših izračunih ne vpliva na trenje.
Formula za trenje: Ftr = ktr × Fn
Če hočeš zmanjšati trenje, uporabi maziva ali poliranje. Za povečanje pa poskusi z bolj hrapavimi materiali ali posipaj pesek na spolzko pot.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Praktični primeri računanja
Predstavljaj si, da potiskaš 50 kg težko omaro po tleh s koeficientom trenja 0,3. Najprej izračunaš normalno silo: Fn = m × g = 50 kg × 10 N/kg = 500 N.
Nato uporabiš formulo: Ftr = ktr × Fn = 0,3 × 500 N = 150 N. To pomeni, da moraš potisniti z najmanj 150 N, da se omara začne premikati.
Pri smučarju z maso 80 kg na snegu (koeficient 0,05) je postopek podoben. Normalna sila je 800 N, sila trenja pa samo 40 N - zato se na smučeh tako lepo drsi!
Pozor na napako: Maso vedno najprej pretvori v težo z množenjem z g = 10 N/kg!
Ključno je, da sila trenja vedno deluje v nasprotni smeri gibanja. Če potiskaš v desno, trenje deluje v levo.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Koristno in škodljivo trenje
Trenje ni vedno slabo! Koristno trenje omogoča hojo, zaviranje avtomobilov, držanje predmetov in vžig vžigalic. Brez njega bi bil svet precej nevarnejša in bolj spolzka stvar.
Škodljivo trenje pa povzroča obrabo strojnih delov, zračni upor pri vožnji in izgubljanje energije v obliki toplote. Zato inženirji stalno iščejo načine za zmanjšanje nepotrebnega trenja.
Za zmanjšanje trenja uporabljamo maziva (olje, mast), poliramo površine ali vgrajujemo kroglične ležaje. Za povečanje pa izberemo hrapavejše materiale, kot so zavorne ploščice, ali posipamo pesek po poledeneli cesti.
Ključna misel: Trenje je kontaktna sila, ki nasprotuje drsenju in je odvisna od hrapavosti ter pritiska med ploskvami.
Hiter povzetek: Formula Ftr = ktr × Fn, lepenje je močnejše od drsenja, velikost ploskve ne vpliva, trenje lahko koristi ali škodi.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI companion is specifically built for the needs of students. Based on the millions of content pieces we have on the platform we can provide truly meaningful and relevant answers to students. But its not only about answers, the companion is even more about guiding students through their daily learning challenges, with personalised study plans, quizzes or content pieces in the chat and 100% personalisation based on the students skills and developments.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app in the Google Play Store and in the Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Most popular content in Fizika
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Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
I think it’s very much worth it and you’ll end up using it a lot once you get the hang of it and even after looking at others notes you can still ask your Artificial intelligence buddy the question and ask to simplify it if you still don’t get it!!! In the end I think it’s worth it 😊👍 ⚠️Also DID I MENTION ITS FREEE YOU DON’T HAVE TO PAY FOR ANYTHING AND STILL GET YOUR GRADES IN PERFECTLY❗️❗️⚠️
Thomas R
iOS user
Knowunity is the BEST app I’ve used in a minute. This is not an ai review or anything this is genuinely coming from a 7th grade student (I know 2011 im young) but dude this app is a 10/10 i have maintained a 3.8 gpa and have plenty of time for gaming. I love it and my mom is just happy I got good grades
Brad T
Android user
Not only did it help me find the answer but it also showed me alternative ways to solve it. I was horrible in math and science but now I have an a in both subjects. Thanks for the help🤍🤍
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
I found this app a couple years ago and it has only gotten better since then. I really love it because it can help with written questions and photo questions. Also, it can find study guides that other people have made as well as flashcard sets and practice tests. The free version is also amazing for students who might not be able to afford it. Would 100% recommend
Aubrey
iOS user
Best app if you're in Highschool or Junior high. I have been using this app for 2 school years and it's the best, it's good if you don't have anyone to help you with school work.😋🩷🎀
Marco B
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This app is phenomenal down to the correct info and the various topics you can study! I greatly recommend it for people who struggle with procrastination and those who need homework help. It has been perfectly accurate for world 1 history as far as I’ve seen! Geometry too!
Paul T
iOS user